Reaction mechanisms, recent progress and future prospects of tin selenide-based composites for alkali-metal-ion batteries

Metal‐Organic Assembly Strategy for the Synthesis of Layered Metal Chalcogenide Anodes for Na+/K+‐Ion Batteries

“…[11,170] And SnS 2 can deliver a theoretical capacity of 1136 mAh g À 1 based on insertion, conversion and alloying reactions. [11,170] Similar to sulfides, the theoretical capacities of SnSe 2 and SnSe are 756 and 780 mAh g À 1 , [171][172][173] respectively, attributed to the higher atomic weight of Se element. The high theoretical capacity and relatively low working voltage enable Sn-based chalcogenides to become one of the most attractive candidates.…”

Entropy Stabilized Medium High Entropy Alloy Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…Out of the anode materials that have been investigated, such as metal oxides, [3] sulfides, [4] selenides, [5] and tellurides, [6] and alloy anodes; the latter based on Si (by far the most common), [7] Sn, Sb, Ge, or Bi, all have large theoretical capacities, but suffer from large volume expansion (>300 %) during lithiation, leading to pulverization and unstable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) [8–11] . Nano‐engineering, such as yolk‐shell structures or nanowires, can alleviate pulverization, but they require complex synthesis routes, making them difficult and/or expensive for upscaling [12] .…”

“…The use of binary/ternary alloys employs solid solution strengthening to improve the structural stability during (de)lithiation [13,14] . Recently, metal chalcogenides with high specific capacities have been reported upon, [5,6] which store lithium ions through a conversion reaction, due to weak M−C (M: metal; C: Se, and/or Te) bonds, followed by an alloying reaction depending on available active material (M: Sn, Sb, Ge, etc .). Most of the low entropy metallic Se/Te alloys are synthesized as a composite material with carbon, such as Bi 2 Se 3 ‐C, Bi 2 Te 3 ‐C, Sb 2 Se 3 ‐C, Sb 2 Te 3 ‐C, and BiSbTe 3 ‐C, in order to enhance the electrical conductivity and reduce self‐pulverization, adding additional steps to the synthesis routes [15–19] .…”

“…An MHEA is defined as an alloy consisting of three to four principal elements, a step on the way to an HEA, being composed of five or more principal elements [22] . BSST is an MHEA that previously has been used in thermoelectric applications, [23] but here its composition combines the large capacities available from the Li alloying elements Bi and Sb with the high electronic conductivity available from the Li conversion chalcogenide elements Se and Te [5,6,24] . Furthermore, we chose Sb 2 Te 3 to build a case for the (de)lithiation performance of a low entropy metal chalcogenide vs .…”

Terminal Group‐Oriented Self‐Assembly to Controllably Synthesize a Layer‐by‐Layer SnSe2 and MXene Heterostructure for Ultrastable Lithium Storage

“…[11][12][13] More importantly, SnSe 2 has a high theoretical capacity of 813 mAh g −1 , thus showing a prominent potential in LIBs. [14][15][16] However, the individual SnSe 2 material has a few limitations for use as an electrode material as follows. I) SnSe 2 , as a semiconductor member, has lower electrical conductivity, which is detrimental to the electrochemical lithium storage process.…”