Reaction of Heavy Doses of Chlorine in Various Waters

Determination of chlorinated phenols in brewing liquor and beer using SPE.

“…Aktivní chlor reaguje s přítomnými aromáty za vzniku sloučenin charakteristických intenzivní vůní a chutí již ve velmi nízkých koncentracích. Již v roce 1939 zaznamenal Faber [4] při dezinfekci vody chloraminem vznik těchto intenzivních vůní a chutí, Griffin [5] popsal reakce zodpovědné za tvorbu těchto sloučenin. Práce německých autorů [6] vysvětluje vznik 2,4,6-trichlorfenolu přes 2-chlorfenol a 2,4-dichlorfenol při chloraci fenolů chloraminem i ve vodném prostředí.…”

“…In 1939 Faber noted a formation of these intensive offflavours after water disinfection by using chloramine [4]. Griffin described chemical reactions which are responsible for an occurrence of these compounds [5]. The work of German authors [6] explained a creation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol through 2-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol during the chlorination of phenols by chloramine.…”

Discussion—Chlorine Demand Constants

“…Shortly thereafter Gerstein ( 4 ) recorded breakpoint data following the addition of successive increments of chlorine to water. Interest in such studies was renewed ten years ago by the investigations of Calvert (5), Faber (6) and Griffin (7), and has been extended by the detailed studies reported by Chamberlin and Glass (8). Fair (9) and many others.…”

Development and Application of High-Free Residual Chlorination in the Treatment of Swimming Pool Water

“…The capacity of the chlorinating equipment must be sufficient to maintain the desired free residual chlorine levels. 4. The continuous application of chlorine, even when the pool is not in use, at a rate to permit the oxidation of the ammonia-nitrogen fraction.…”