Reaction of photosynthetic apparatus of a representative of extrazonal  steppe plants Quercus robur to air pollution by motor vehicle emissions

Шупранова, Л. В.; Lykholat, Y. V.; Khromikh, Nataliya; Grytzaj, Z. V.; Alexeyeva, A. A.; Bilchuk, V. S.

doi:10.15421/011741

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus, it is important to retain a certain proportion of a and b chlorophylls. Change in this parameter in plants exposed to unfavourable ecological factors reflects the functioning of chloroplasts, and therefore a number of authors consider the chlorophyll a/b ratio more informative than the concentration of each of them (Lindahl et al, 1995;Shupranova et al, 2017). In the work by Shupranova et al (2017), the proportion of chlorophylls a/b in the conditions of pollution with vehicle emissions was at the same level in leaves of Quercus robur of І and ІІ classes of vitality, and by 29.3% lower in the III vitality class compared to the values of control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of vehicle exhaust emissions on morphometric and physiological characteristics of Rhus typhina

2018

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Rhus typhina L. (Staghorn Sumac) is fast-growing woody species that reproduces by rhizomes and seeds. Because of its biological benefits, this deciduous member of the Anacardiaceae family has been introduced from its native habitats in the east of North America to urbanized landscapes of Ukraine. In this study we anаlyse changes in morphometric and physiological indicators of 12-year plants of this species in artificial phytocenoses near highways in Pavlograd, Ukraine. Experimental plots were placed at a distance from 25 to 130 meters from the road. The control group of plants was at a distance of 1500 m from the highways. We measured the length and thickness of the annual sprout, number of leaves on it, the content of chlorophyll in the leaves and accumulation of cadmium and lead in the leaf tissues. It was found that, compared to the plants in the relatively clean area, the greatest decreases in the length of the annual shoots of the trees in the plantations were for those which were at a distance of twenty five metres and forty meters from the traffic lanes of the highways. The thickness of the annual shoots of the trees in the plantations did not differ from plants in the clean zone. The number of leaves on a one-year annual sprout at a distance of twenty five meters and forty meters from the path of moving sources of pollution was significantly lower compared to control. We evaluated the impact of vehicle exhaust emissions on the assimilatory organs. We identified a negative effect of the anthropogenic pollutants on photosynthetic pigment content in leaves. The amount of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b decreased with decreasing distance from the plantation to the road. Changes in the content of chlorophyll b had a clear pattern. The concentration of this pigment and the amount of chlorophyll a + b decreased compared with control in the 130 meter area. The amount of toxic heavy metals (lead and cadmium) in the tissues of the leaf was significantly higher than the control values on all plots. The strongest negative effects of phytotoxicants on susceptible plants occurred in plantations in the twenty-five-meter zone, which led to deterioration of the decorative quality of the plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of vehicle exhaust emissions on morphometric and physiological characteristics of Rhus typhina

2018

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“…The impact of negative environmental factors on the background of arid steppe climate significantly affects all elements of ecosystems, causing soil impoverishment (Savosko, 2011;Savosko et al, 2018), changes in the composition of plant communities (Baranovski et al, 2017;Chytry et al, 2017;Shupranova et al, 2017;Klymenko et al, 2017;Lykholat et al, 2018bNazarenko & Lykholat, 2018a;Nazarenko et al, 2018b), changes in the spread of animal organisms and their metabolism (Brygadyrenko, 2015;Andrusevich et al, 2018;Didur et al, 2018;Lykholat et al, 2016aLykholat et al, , 2018aMarenkov et al, 2019;Pokhylenko et al, 2019), as well as negative effects on the human health (Lykholat et al, 2016b;Pertseva et al, 2012;Yermishev et al, 2017). In the steppe zone of Ukraine, maintaining the existing plant diversity and expanding its spectrum can be effective if species are introduced from other geographical areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction success of less common species from the genus Berberis L.

Lykholat¹,

Хромых²,

Lykholat³

et al. 2019

Ukr J Ecol

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The study dealt with the patterns of adaptation of the genus Berberis L. low-abundant alien plants to the climatic conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine. The success of the introduction, which was conducted on the territory of the Botanical Garden of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University (city of Dnipro) near 60 years ago, was evaluated by a set of indicators. According to the study of phenological rhythms, introduced plants can be characterized as plants with a relatively short growing season, a relatively long shoot growth, a short flowering period and a long maturing period. This indicates the lability of the phenological rhythms of the introduced plants, which respond to changes in environmental conditions in terms of the beginning and end of the phenological phases. The aquatic regime of introduced plants reflects the level of their adaptation to the environment due to the ability of plant organism to withstand water consumption. The study of water exchange features of Berberis L. plants revealed a moderate decrease in the intensity of transpiration and a moderate water deficit in the plant leaves, which indicates the adaptation of the species to the difficult climatic conditions of the steppe zone. The response of introduced plants to the level of moisture in the steppe region confirmed the universal mechanism of plant adaptation to arid conditions. Comparative analysis of the reproductive ability of introduced plants of the genus Berberis L. in the conditions of the Botanical Garden revealed a significant variability of quantitative indicators. The weight of 100 fruits ranged from 12.5 g (B. vulgaris) to 16.3 g (B. declinata). Seed length varied from 4.5 mm (B. canadensis) to 5.2 mm (B. declinata, B. amurensis), seed width varied from 1.8 mm (B. amurensis, B. vulgaris) to 2.1 mm (B. koreana). The highest mass of 1000 seeds was observed in the species B. koreana. To compare sample averages, the criterion for the significant difference of Tukey's group averages was used. The investigated plants of the genus Berberis L. can be recommended for the introduction into large-scale and individual gardening in order to expand the range of fruit products and obtain biologically valuable raw materials for the industrial production of functional products.

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“…Дослідження мінливості ознак біологічних об'єктів важливе для встановлення характеру їх диференціації, тенденції зміни ознак і напрямків їх мікроеволюції у зв'язку зі зміною зовнішніх факторів (Iusypiva, Miasoid, 2016;Nesterovich et al, 1986;Pashkevich, 2005;Usypiva, 2005). Серед вегетативних органів рослини асиміляційний апарат виявляє найбільшу чутливість до умов існування (Shupranova et al, 2017), а зміни його характеристик визначають функціонування рослинного організму. Висока пластичність зовнішнього вигляду листка обумовлює можливість суттєвих змін його ознак під тиском природного добору, що представляє особливий інтерес у вивченні внутрішньовидової мінливості рослин (Hikmatullina, 2013;Tucić et al, 2018).…”

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Variability of morphometric characteristics of Betula pendula lamina under technogenic conditions of Dnipro city

Yusypiva¹,

Задесенець²,

Karas³

2019

ean

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The response of a plant organism to the effects of negative environmental factors, including the effects of multicomponent pollution, can be determined using a morphometric approach, setting the range of variability of biometric indicators of assimilation organs. The obtained data allow us to identify the directions of evolution of leaf shape and parameters under conditions of anthropogenic environment. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the variability of morphometric characteristics of lamina of Вetula pendula Roth. under technogenic conditions of the city of Dnipro. Leaf samples were collected in September -October 2018 at five test areas in the city of Dnipro (100 sheets each), which differed in the level of environmental pollution. For each leaf according to the method, five dimensions were measured on the left and right sides: width of the left and right halves of the leaf; the length of the vein of the second order, the second from the base of the leaf; the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order; the distance between the ends of the first and second veins of the second order; the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order. It is shown that by the degree of increase of variation in the conditions of influence on the plants of B. pendula under conditions of multicomponent contamination of the environment the investigated signs of the lamina can be arranged as follows: 5 < 2 < 1 < 4 < 3. It is established that the most stable feature of the B. pendula lamina in the conditions of technogenesis is the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order, and the most variable one is the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order. A tendency was found for the differences in the reactions of plants from the relatively clean area and contaminated territories: the control trees had a coefficient of variation higher for the right half of the leaf (right-sided asymmetry), whereas plants of the technogenic zones had left-sided asymmetry.Проаналізовано вплив техногенних умов м. Дніпра на мінливість морфометричних характеристик листкової пластинки Вetula pendula Roth.: ширину лівої і правої половинок листка; довжину жилки ІІ порядку, другої від основи листка; відстань між основами першої і другої жилок ІІ порядку; відстань між кінцями першої і другої жилок ІІ порядку; кут між головною жилкою і другою від основи листка жилкою ІІ порядку. Показано, що за ступенем збільшення варіювання в умовах впливу на рослини B. pendula полікомпонентного забруднення середовища досліджені ознаки листкової пластинки можна розташувати таким чином: 5 < 2 < 1 < 4 < 3. Встановлено, що найбільш стабільною ознакою листової пластинки берези

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Reaction of photosynthetic apparatus of a representative of extrazonal steppe plants Quercus robur to air pollution by motor vehicle emissions

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

The effect of vehicle exhaust emissions on morphometric and physiological characteristics of Rhus typhina

The effect of vehicle exhaust emissions on morphometric and physiological characteristics of Rhus typhina

Introduction success of less common species from the genus Berberis L.

Variability of morphometric characteristics of Betula pendula lamina under technogenic conditions of Dnipro city

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