Reaction of Sodium Metal with Aromatic Hydrocarbons<sup>1,2</sup>

Paul, Donald E.; Lipkin, David; Weissman, S. I.

doi:10.1021/ja01582a035

Cited by 281 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…If G = 2.6 is more nearly correct, the oscillator strength must be close to f = 0.9. The value G(A) = 3.0 suggests that a small amount of recombination competes with trapping via reactions [8] and [9] and causes the ratio G(eirnDPed)/G(A) t o be less than unity.…”

Section: Pure Mthfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron Spin Resonance Determination of the Radiolytic Yields of Trapped Electrons and Other Species in an Organic Glass

Smith¹,

Pieroni²

1965

Can. J. Chem.

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The radiolytic yields, a t liquid nitrogen temperature, of trapped electrons and radicals or radical-ions in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and the yields of these species plus the biphenyl anion in solutions containing biphenyl have been determined by e.s.r. These measurements were also carried out after photolysis of the trapped electrons. The combined results are interpreted in terms of the identity of the intermediates and the reactions which they undergo. "Dual e.s.r. cavity" techniques have enabled greater accuracy and precision than is nor~nally obtained when concentrations of paramagnetic species are determined by e.s.r.

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Section: Pure Mthfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemically formed anion ClzHlo was prepared by the method of Paul, Lipkin, and Weissmall (9). Both unknown and reference sample were present in a Varian TE104 "dual" cavity a t the same time and both were observed a t liquid nitrogen temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Spin Resonance Determination of the Radiolytic Yields of Trapped Electrons and Other Species in an Organic Glass

Smith¹,

Pieroni²

1965

Can. J. Chem.

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“…71 The formation of the valence anion of a benzene molecule is thus unfavorable in the gas phase. In contrast, a benzene molecular anion can be stably formed in the condensed phases by the solvent-induced stabilization, [72][73][74][75][76] which leads to the following simple question: ''How many benzene molecules are needed to bind an excess electron?'' An answer for this question is given in Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Large Molecular Cluster Anions and Elucidation of Their Electronic Structures

Mitsui¹,

Nakajima²

2007

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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The present account describes our efforts to understand the microscopic aspects of condense phase phenomena, such as ion solvation in molecular liquids and charge carrier localization in molecular solids, by viewing finite-size molecular clusters as their embryonic forms. In this effort, we efficiently prepared supersonically cooled, isolated molecular cluster anions with up to more than 100 constituent molecules and size-selectively investigated their electronic structures using anion photoelectron spectroscopy. Large anionic clusters of two different types of organic molecule; acetonitrile and naphthalene reported as examples of the noteworthy results obtained in our studies. In these two systems, we found that energetically close anionic isomers coexist over a broad range in size, and their contribution in the photoelectron spectra could be separated using anion beam hole-burning technique. A detailed inspection into the electronic states and size-dependent energetics of each isomer has enabled us to establish a link from the large finite cluster to the infinite bulk system. Molecular clusters are finite aggregates consisting of 2-10 4 molecules and have been regarded as an excellent model system to use for gaining profound insights into weak noncovalent interactions, which play a predominant role in determining the structures and properties of molecular assemblies in chemistry, biology, and soft-material science. In molecular clusters, most of the properties originate from weakly perturbed, easily recognized, and well-defined units. Additionally, the finite number of molecules in the gas phase under collisionfree conditions makes a theoretical treatment much easier than that of bulk liquids and solids. Over the last two decades, therefore, intensive experimental and theoretical studies on molecular clusters have been performed, and a large number of review articles on the spectroscopic study of molecular clusters have been published in last twenty years.

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“…Le mkcanisme gtntralement admis de ces rtactions d'addition nucltophile (17,20), implique la formation d'un dianion D qui se protonne lors de l'hydrolyse du mtlange rtactionnel pour conduire au composk 3 (schtma 3 ; voie a).…”

Section: Mkcanisme Deformation De I'imineunclassified

Réactivité de la combinaison anthracène–lithium vis-à-vis des nitriles

Mazaleyrat¹

1975

Can. J. Chem.

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Chem. 53,3158 (1975).L'anthrackne-lithium en solution kthQ6e se comporte comrne un rkctif basique vis a vjs des nitriles posskdant un hydrogkne acide. Mais dans le cas des nitriles a C. tertiaire, deux rkactions compktitives peuvent avoir lieu: I'addition nuclkophile et le transfert d'klectron. L'addition nuclkophile est la rkaction la plus rapide, mais a cause de sa rkversibilitk, le melange rkactionnel kvolue par le processus de transfert d'klectron, suivi de la coupure irrkversible de 'la liaison C-CN, vers la formation d'un alcoyl-9 dihydro-9,10 anthradne. JEAN-PAUL MAZALEYRAT. Can. J. Chem. 53,3 158 (1975). Lithium anthracenylide in ethereal solution behaves as a basic reagent towards nitriles with acidic hydrogens. However, in the case of nitriles with a tertiary a-carbon atom, two competitive reactions may occur: nucleophilic attack and electron transfer. The nucleophilic addition is faster, but because of its reversibility, the reaction proceeds, through the electron transfer process which is followed by the irreversible breaking of the C-CN bond, towards the formation of 9-alkyl-9,lO-dihydroanthracene.

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Reaction of Sodium Metal with Aromatic Hydrocarbons^1,2

Cited by 281 publications

References 2 publications

Electron Spin Resonance Determination of the Radiolytic Yields of Trapped Electrons and Other Species in an Organic Glass

Electron Spin Resonance Determination of the Radiolytic Yields of Trapped Electrons and Other Species in an Organic Glass

Formation of Large Molecular Cluster Anions and Elucidation of Their Electronic Structures

Réactivité de la combinaison anthracène–lithium vis-à-vis des nitriles

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Reaction of Sodium Metal with Aromatic Hydrocarbons1,2

Cited by 281 publications

References 2 publications

Electron Spin Resonance Determination of the Radiolytic Yields of Trapped Electrons and Other Species in an Organic Glass

Electron Spin Resonance Determination of the Radiolytic Yields of Trapped Electrons and Other Species in an Organic Glass

Formation of Large Molecular Cluster Anions and Elucidation of Their Electronic Structures

Réactivité de la combinaison anthracène–lithium vis-à-vis des nitriles

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Product

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About

Reaction of Sodium Metal with Aromatic Hydrocarbons^1,2