Reaction patterns of pulmonary macrophages in protracted asphyxiation

Strunk, T.; Hamacher, Dorothee; Schulz, Ronald; Brinkmann, B.

doi:10.1007/s00414-009-0410-3

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Histomorphological changes in pulmonary tissue of individuals who die from asphyxia are considered of great importance [2,3] and constitute one of the central fields of interest for forensic histopathology. Nevertheless, their correlation to asphyxia has to consider ventilation and perfusion alterations due to age, underlying diseases, and external factors, such as smog and smoke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of mechanical asphyxia: immunohistochemical study on autoptic lung tissues

et al. 2013

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Forensic pathologists are often asked to provide evidence of asphyxia death in the trial and a histological marker of asphyxiation would be of great help. Data from the literature indicate that the reaction of lung tissue cells to asphyxia may be of more interest for forensic purposes than migrating cells. The lungs of 62 medico-legal autopsy cases, 34 acute mechanical asphyxia (AMA), and 28 control cases (CC), were immunostained with anti-P-selectin, anti-E-selectin, anti-SP-A, and anti-HIF1-α antibodies, in order to verify if some of them may be used as markers of asphyxia death. Results show that P- and E-selectins expression in lung vessels, being activated by several types of trigger stimuli not specific to hypoxia, cannot be used as indicator of asphyxia. Intra-alveolar granular deposits of SP-A seem to be related to an intense hypoxic stimulus, and when massively present, they can suggest, together with other elements, a severe hypoxia as the mechanism of death. HIF1-α was expressed in small-, medium-, and large-caliber lung vessels of the vast majority of mechanical asphyxia deaths and CO intoxications, with the number and intensity of positive-stained vessels increasing with the duration of the hypoxia. Although further confirmation studies are required, these preliminary data indicate an interesting potential utility of HIF1-α as a screening test for asphyxia deaths.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of mechanical asphyxia: immunohistochemical study on autoptic lung tissues

et al. 2013

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“…The classical macro-microscopic correlates of asphyxia include acute pulmonary emphysema and congestion, focal hemorrhagic oedema, microembolism, and alveolar macrophages and giant cells [17][18][19]. In our case, acute pulmonary emphysema was evident, whilst the other morphological signs of asphyxia could not be detected in the investigated lung samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Delayed asphyxia due to inhalation injury

Fracasso

Schmeling²

2010

Int J Legal Med

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We report the case of a 53-year-old man who was found dead in his apartment 2 days after a little fire during which he had suffered from second to third degree burns at 2% of the body surface, also involving the skin around the mouth and the nose. At autopsy, severe acute emphysema and mucopurulent obstructive laryngotracheobronchitis were observed. The histology showed desquamative loss of the respiratory epithelium up to the middle bronchi; the bronchial lumen was filled with clumps of mucopurulent secretions mixed with necrotic epithelial cells. The cause of death was a delayed asphyxia due to inhalation injury.

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“…It was measured by the increase of pulmonary granulocytes and megakaryocytes. [22][23][24][25] In humans; the lack of oxygen resulted in a tremendous increase of perivascular mast cells, being rapidly recruited in the lungs within a few minutes. [26] In the experimental study of Orth et al [27] performed on rats; the duration of hypoxia necessary for mast cell degranulation took only five minutes.…”

Section: Hypoxia and Anatomic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lungs and hypoxia: a review of the literature

Sargon¹

2021

Anatomy

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Acute, intermittent or chronic hypoxia have negative effects on lung maturation during the embryological period which has been shown by many experimental models designed on animal studies. The receptors responsible from the development of lungs in fetal period are affected from hypoxia. Hypoxia also affects the morphometry, anatomy and microscopy of lung tissue in the adults. In acute phase of hypoxia; lung parenchyma showed destructive oxidative changes. However, in later phases repair and proliferative processes were observed in the lung tissue. Damage to the lining layer of alveoli, accumulation of alveolar macrophages, oedematous changes in the lung parenchyma, mild oedema, inflammatory cell infiltration, increased number of type II pneumocytes and pulmonary fibrosis are the main findings in cases of hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia accentuates lung growth by increasing the lung parenchyma. Decrease of capillary volume and suppression of elastin repair in lung fibroblasts are other clinically important microscopic findings in hypoxia. Many molecular studies found in the literature revealed micro-RNAs to be involved in modulation of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. In animal models submitted to acute hypobaric hypoxia; the researchers detected an increase in eNOS mRNA which is responsible of the immediate response, producing nitric oxide that caused vasodilation and bronchodilation in lung tissue. In other molecular studies; suppression of many immune molecules, major changes at the levels of various enzymes and growth factors were detected in the researches. Additionally; hypoxia causes to an increase in the amount of lung cancer cells and therefore; induces the metastases of lung cancer cells to brain tissues.

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Reaction patterns of pulmonary macrophages in protracted asphyxiation

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Markers of mechanical asphyxia: immunohistochemical study on autoptic lung tissues

Markers of mechanical asphyxia: immunohistochemical study on autoptic lung tissues

Delayed asphyxia due to inhalation injury

Lungs and hypoxia: a review of the literature

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