Reaction Time as an Index of Traffic Sign Perception

Dewar, R E; Ells, Jerry G.; Mundy, Glen

doi:10.1177/001872087601800407

Cited by 67 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…This experiment attempted to simulate an actual driving condition In which the Interval between viewing a sign and acting upon It Is occupied with a driving task -a condition similar to many mining operations during which a miner must see and act upon a sign's message while continuing to perform a customary mining operation. In another experiment on highway symbols, Dewar, Ells, and Mundy (1976) found that reaction time was always shorter for symbols under both normal and degraded viewing conditions.…”

Section: Background Researchmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Routine maintenance and repairs accounted for 59 percent and 23 percent of the injuries, respectively. Generally, the injury related to catching fingers, hands, arms, and upper extremities in a moving belt.…”

Section: Detailed Hazard Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 4.89 Electrical (5) 96. 2 4.77 Ear (23) 96.2 4.75 Extinguisher (36) 96. 2 4.86 Head (22) 96.9 4.68 Eye (24) 96.…”

Section: Performance For Individual Symbolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of hazard pictorials symbols in the minerals industry

Collins¹

1983

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Section: Background Researchmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Detailed Hazard Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of hazard pictorials symbols in the minerals industry

Collins¹

1983

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“…To facilitate this filtering process the design of signs in guidance systems (like platform numbers or speed limits) is essential. Early studies in this regard are concerned with differential effects in traffic sign perception, like smaller reaction times for warning than for regulatory signs (Dewar et al 1976) and longer reaction times for extravert participants (Loo 1978). More recent research in this field (Ben-Bassat and Shinar 2006) could show that ergonomic design principles play an important role in the comprehension of traffic signs.…”

Section: Attention In Guidance Systems and Driver-environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional Behavior of Users on the Move Towards Pervasive Advertising Media

Schrammel

Mattheiss

Döbelt

et al. 2011

Pervasive Advertising

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Abstract:In this chapter we analyze the attention of users on the move towards pervasive advertising media. We report the findings of two multi-sensor eye tracking studies designed to provide a better understanding of the actual attentional behavior of users on the move in different public environments. In the first study 106 participants were equipped with eye tracking technology and asked to use public transportation vehicles equipped with information and advertising screens. In a second study 16 participants were asked to stroll through a shopping street for about 15 minutes, and during this time different indicators for their behavior and focus of attention (eye tracking, movement and pose tracking) were captured. Motion and pose data was correlated with eye tracking data to identify typical patterns of attention. We report the results of these studies, then discuss the implications of the main findings for pervasive advertising and finally reflect on the used research methodology.

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“…Symbols may also be superior to words under conditions of interference either by distraction from another task (King, 1975) or by visual interference or degradation (Dewar, Ells, & Mundy, 1976). These advantages of symbols over words may not be true under all conditions for all symbols, however.…”

Section: Symbolic Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The assessment of safety symbol understandability by different testing methods

Lerner¹,

Collins²

1980

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This paper reports an experiment on the understandability of pictorial symbols proposed for fire-safety alerting. The purpose of the experiment was two-fold: 1) to determine the understandability of each symbol to a group of potential users; and 2) to assess the effects of variations in both presentation and response methods upon the measurement of unders tandabi lity . Twenty-five symbols, of which twenty-two had been proposed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) were evaluated for understandability with 91 U.S. subjects. These symbols were presented in three different ways: slides, placards, or booklets. Subjects indicated their understanding of each symbol's meaning by one of two response methods:by writing a brief definition or by selecting the correct definition from among four alternatives.In addition, for both methods, subjects rated their confidence in the correctness of their answers.In a second phase of the experiment, all subjects were given 15 different messages and asked to draw a symbol that would convey each message.The results revealed no effect of the mode of symbol presentation. The definition and multiple choice response procedures led to generally similar conclusions.The confidence ratings provided useful additional information and helped to reconcile some of the discrepancies between the two response methods. Advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed.The understandability of the 25 symbols ranged from near zero to virtually complete comprehension. The poor performance of some critical symbols such as "exit" was noted, and some potentially dangerous confusions in meaning were revealed. The drawings produced by subjects for given referents (or symbol meanings) were most likely to be different in image from ISO proposed symbols for those symbols which were poorly understood. These data underscore the importance of determining the understandability of safety symbols before symbol standards are adopted.iii Table of Contents Pa£e ABSTRACT iii

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Reaction Time as an Index of Traffic Sign Perception

Cited by 67 publications

References 1 publication

Use of hazard pictorials symbols in the minerals industry

Use of hazard pictorials symbols in the minerals industry

Attentional Behavior of Users on the Move Towards Pervasive Advertising Media

The assessment of safety symbol understandability by different testing methods

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