1952
DOI: 10.1021/ie50516a031
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Reactions Catalyzed by Anion Exchange Resins Knoevenagel Condensation

Abstract: exchange resins such as Amberlite IR-4B, Deacidite, L and Amberlite IRA-400 are excellent catalysts for promoting Knoevenagel condensations between aldehydes and esters, such as ethyl cyanoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, and diethyl malonate. Condensations with diethyl malonate cannot be accomplished at room temperature but may be carried out by refluxing in

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Cited by 37 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…Since then, polymers with functional sites as solid supports in heterogeneous catalysis, for example in mixed‐bed reactors, have been used widely 3–5. This approach goes back to the ground‐breaking work by Astle and Zaslowsky6 and Manecke and Storck7 on polymeric reagents. In recent investigations of sol–gel processes with encapsulated opposing reagents by Gelman et al8 the concept of “wolf‐and‐lamb” reactions has been rediscovered and has emerged as a powerful tool to probe “site‐isolation” effects in cross‐linked solid materials.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since then, polymers with functional sites as solid supports in heterogeneous catalysis, for example in mixed‐bed reactors, have been used widely 3–5. This approach goes back to the ground‐breaking work by Astle and Zaslowsky6 and Manecke and Storck7 on polymeric reagents. In recent investigations of sol–gel processes with encapsulated opposing reagents by Gelman et al8 the concept of “wolf‐and‐lamb” reactions has been rediscovered and has emerged as a powerful tool to probe “site‐isolation” effects in cross‐linked solid materials.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The wider use of SPOS has enormous potential, illustrated perhaps most dramatically by the orchestrated multistep SPS approach so elegantly reduced to practice by Ley's group 46. Early examples of the consecutive and sometimes concurrent use of different supported species have been reported,89–92 and the British Petroleum Etherol process93 (Fig. 10) for the production of branched ethers from a mixed C 4 stream is a marvelous large‐scale industrial example.…”
Section: Convergence Of Solid‐phase Activitiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…B. in Mischbett‐Reaktoren 3–5. Dieser Ansatz stützt sich auch auf die bahnbrechenden Arbeiten von Astle und Zaslowsky6 sowie Manecke und Storck7 zu Polymerreagentien. Neuere Arbeiten zu Sol‐Gel‐Prozessen mit eingeschlossenen orthogonalen Reagentien von Gelman et al8 haben gezeigt, dass man mithilfe von “Wolf‐and‐Lamb”‐Reaktionen ermitteln kann, wie effizient die reaktiven Zentren in einer Festphase voneinander getrennt sind (“site isolation”).…”
Section: Methodsunclassified