Reactions of pulsed laser evaporated gallium and indium atoms with molecular oxygen: matrix infrared spectra of new gallium dioxide and indium dioxide species

Abstract

Infrared spectra were obtained in solid argon at 12 * 1 K for gallium and indium oxides produced from the reaction of laser-ablated metal atoms with molecular oxygen. Several new molecules were characterized including bent species Ga0; at 568.7 cm-' and InO; at 462.4 cm-', which were distinctly different from previously observed cyclic M 0 2 species, linear metal atom insertion products OGaO at 912.7 cm-' and OInO at 755.4 cm-', and linear GaOGaO at 967-959 cm-' and InOInO at 816.6 cm-'. The linear insertion products increased on mercury arc photolysis suggesting that metal atom electronic excitation can provide the activation energy necessary for the insertion reaction. Also observed were the suboxides MOM, the M+O; ozonide species, and the OMOMO trioxide speck. The same absorptions were produced with different relative intensities by ablation of solid MzOl oxide samples. the frequency accuracy is io. 1 cm-I for 60 SXR and *0.5 cm-' for 5 DXB spectra. Matrices were annealed from 12 to 25, 30, and 35 2 K, and additional spectra were recorded; selected samples were irradiated with a 175-W mercury street lamp (Philips H39KB) with the Pyrex envelope removed. ResultsInfrared spectra obtained from argon matrices containing dilute molecular oxygen and metal atom reagents will be presented here.

Reactions of pulsed-laser ablated aluminum atoms with hydrogen: infrared spectra of aluminum hydride (AlH, AlH2, AlH3, and Al2H2) species

“…6 (2) Reaction 2 is essentially isoergic, and some activation energy is required. They exhibit virtually the same H/D ratio as AlH, and the A1D counterparts do not agree with the spectrum of D2O in solid arg0n.1~ (The H/D ratios for water AlHz.…”

“…Al, + H, -HAlAlH (6) Pulsed-Laser Ablation. The laser power densities employed here ((1-10) X lo9 W/cm-2) are higher than used in earlier studies where hyperthermal velocities corresponding to kinetic energies in the 2-4-eV range were measured.…”

“…6 It was therefore decided to examine other metal atom reactions that are known to require activation energy using the pulsedlaser evaporation technique. 6 It was therefore decided to examine other metal atom reactions that are known to require activation energy using the pulsedlaser evaporation technique.…”

Ab initio predictions of the molecular structures and harmonic vibrational frequencies of Ga2O2 isomers

“…Several interesting products were recently observed from the reactions of pulsed laser evaporated B, AI, Ga, and In atoms with oxygen [1]. These group 13 oxides, exhibiting different stoichiometries, are remarkably structure rich.…”

Structural and Electronic Properties of Neutral and Ionic GanOn Clusters with n = 4—7

“…9 Small clusters of gallium oxide can be considered a prototype model to understand the physics and chemistry of nanostructures. A few scattered studies have been reported on gallium oxide at the cluster level including monomer, 10,11 triatomic, 12,13 and dimer [14][15][16][17] clusters. Recently, we initiated a systematic study of the evolution of the physical and chemical properties of small gallium oxide clusters to determine their convergence to the corresponding bulk values.…”