Reactions with Wood Carbohydrates and Lignin of Citric Acid as a Bond Promoter of Wood Veneer Panels

Menezzi, Cláudio Henrique Soares Del; Amirou, Siham; Pizzi, A.; Xi, Xuedong; Delmotte, Luc

doi:10.3390/polym10080833

Cited by 73 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Another new peak located at around 1025 cm -1 was identified as the ether linkage C–O–R [42], which possibly formed by the dehydration condensation of furan compounds. In addition, several studies reported that citric acid could react with the hydroxyl group of wood components, which contributed to the bond strength [14,43]. Our results also corroborate this phenomenon (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Further Exploration of Sucrose-Citric Acid Adhesive: Synthesis and Application on Plywood

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of eco-friendly adhesives is a major research direction in the wood-based material industry. Previous research has already demonstrated the mixture of sucrose and citric acid could be utilized as an adhesive for the manufacture of particleboard. Herein, based on the chemical characteristics of sucrose, a synthesized sucrose-citric acid (SC) adhesive was prepared, featuring suitable viscosity and high solid content. The investigation of synthesis conditions on the bond performance showed that the optimal mass proportion between sucrose and citric acid was 25/75, the synthesis temperature was 100 °C, and the synthesis time was 2 h. The wet shear strength of the plywood bonded with SC adhesive, which was synthesized at optimal conditions and satisfied the China National Standard GB/T 9846-2015. The synthesis mechanism was studied by both 13C NMR analysis and HPLC, and the chemical composition manifesting caramelization reaction occurred during the synthesis process. The results of ATR FT-IR indicated the formation of a furan ring, carbonyl, and ether groups in the cured insoluble matter of the SC adhesive, which indicated dehydration condensation as the reaction mechanism between sucrose and citric acid.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Further Exploration of Sucrose-Citric Acid Adhesive: Synthesis and Application on Plywood

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Umemura et al [ 57 ] suggested the reaction between carboxyl groups of CA and hydroxyl groups of wood constituents formed ester linkages that resulted in adhesivity and good bonding properties. The hypothesis has been proven by Del Menezzi et al [ 58 ] in a latter study. By using CP MAS 13 C NMR spectra, the reaction of wood with CA at 60 °C and 180 °C was investigated by Del Menezzi et al [ 58 ].…”

Section: Citric Acid As Main Bonding Component For Wood Compositessupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The hypothesis has been proven by Del Menezzi et al [ 58 ] in a latter study. By using CP MAS 13 C NMR spectra, the reaction of wood with CA at 60 °C and 180 °C was investigated by Del Menezzi et al [ 58 ]. Phenolic hydroxyl groups of guaiacyl type lignin were found to react with CA.…”

Section: Citric Acid As Main Bonding Component For Wood Compositessupporting

confidence: 65%

“…However, studies on the CA-bonded wood veneers, such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and plywood are relatively scarce as bonding the flat surfaces are a completely different application compared to particleboard and fiberboard. The first report on the application of CA as binding agent for LVL was reported by Del Menezzi et al [58]. Poplar veneers were modified with 20% CA and then pressed into LVL.…”

Section: Veneer-based Panelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review on Citric Acid as Green Modifying Agent and Binder for Wood

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Citric acid (CA) can be found naturally in fruits and vegetables, particularly citrus fruit. CA is widely used in many fields but its usage as a green modifying agent and binder for wood is barely addressed. Esterification is one of the most common chemical reactions applied in wood modification. CA contains three carboxyl groups, making it possible to attain at least two esterification reactions that are required for crosslinking when reacting with the hydroxyl groups of the cell wall polymers. In addition, the reaction could form ester linkages to bring adhesivity and good bonding characteristics, and therefore CA could be used as wood binder too. This paper presents a review concerning the usage of CA as a wood modifying agent and binder. For wood modification, the reaction mechanism between wood and CA and the pros and cons of using CA are discussed. CA and its combination with various reactants and their respective optimum parameters are also compiled in this paper. As for the major wood bonding component, the bonding mechanism and types of wood composites bonded with CA are presented. The best working conditions for the CA in the fabrication of wood-based panels are discussed. In addition, the environmental impacts and future outlook of CA-treated wood and bonded composite are also considered.

show abstract

“…The pyrolysis products of citric acid (citraconic acid anhydride and itaconic anhydride) were also detected in the insoluble mass which suggested that citric acid participated in the curing reaction. It is worth noting that levoglucosenone (marked with XI), which is usually formed by heating glucose or oligosaccharide, was also observed in the insoluble mass; this indicated the saccharide possibly participated in the curing reaction [38]. Based on the results of the Py-GC/MS above, a possible chemical structure of part of the cured SC adhesive is shown in Figure 9.…”

Section: Py-gc/msmentioning

confidence: 93%

Further Exploration of Sucrose–Citric Acid Adhesive: Investigation of Optimal Hot-Pressing Conditions for Plywood and Curing Behavior

Zhao

Sakai

et al. 2019

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In previous research, sucrose and citric acid were used to synthesize an eco-friendlyplywood adhesive. Herein, further research was performed to determine the optimal hot-pressingconditions and curing behavior of a sucrose-citric acid (SC) adhesive. The results of dry and wetshear strength measurements showed that the optimal hot-pressing temperature, hot-pressing time,and spread rate of plywood samples bonded by the SC adhesive were 190 °C, 7 min, and 140 g/m2,respectively. When plywood was bonded at the optimal hot-pressing conditions, the wet shearstrength met the requirements of the China National Standard GB/T 9846-2015. Thermal analysisshowed that the thermal degradation and endothermic reaction temperatures of the SC 25/75adhesive were lower than either sucrose or citric acid individually. In addition, the insoluble massproportion increased with the heating temperature and time. The Pyrolysis Gas Chromatographyand Mass Spectrometr (Py-GC/MS) analysis confirmed that the SC adhesive was cured by thereaction between furan compounds, saccharide, and citric acid, and the resulting polymer appearedto be joined by ether linkages.

show abstract

Reactions with Wood Carbohydrates and Lignin of Citric Acid as a Bond Promoter of Wood Veneer Panels

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

Further Exploration of Sucrose-Citric Acid Adhesive: Synthesis and Application on Plywood

Further Exploration of Sucrose-Citric Acid Adhesive: Synthesis and Application on Plywood

A Review on Citric Acid as Green Modifying Agent and Binder for Wood

Further Exploration of Sucrose–Citric Acid Adhesive: Investigation of Optimal Hot-Pressing Conditions for Plywood and Curing Behavior

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About