Reactivation of herpes simplex virus from latently infected mice after administration of cadmium is mouse-strain-dependent

Fawl, Randall L.; Gesser, Richard M.; Valyi-Nagi, Tibor; Fraser, Nigel W.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-77-11-2781

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, As has been shown to increase the stability of the replication protein compartments that need to be disrupted for successful replication and production of progeny HSV (Burkham et al, 2001) and to be a potent inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication (Hwang et al, 2004). Data also show that Ca causes conformation changes in rotaviruses (Pando et al, 2002), Mn causes changes in virulence of HIV (Vartanian et al, 1999), and Cd reactivates latent HSV (Fawl et al, 1996). Moreover, Zn influences gene expression in CMV (Takekoshi et al, 1993) and replication of respiratory syncytical virus (RSV) (Suara and Crowe, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Mn can change the virulence of retroviruses, including HIV (Vartanian et al, 1999) and genes inserted into the human CMV genome can be expressed by metals such as Zn (Takekoshi et al, 1993). Cd has even been shown to reactivate HSV in latent infected mice (Fawl et al, 1996).…”

Section: Effects Of Xenobiotics On Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, an infection in an individual exposed to a potentially toxic trace element can result in an increased retention rate of the potentially toxic element during the course of the infection (Glynn et al, 1998;Ilback et al, 1992a;Ilback et al, 1992b), disturbed balance of essential trace elements (Ilback et al, 2000), reduced clearance of microorganisms (Christensen et al, 1996;Ilback et al, 1996;Koller, 1975), changed virulence of microorganisms (Bhaskaram, 2002;Fawl et al, 1996;Thomas et al, 1985), more extensive pathological changes in target organs (Ilback et al, 1994a;Seth et al, 2003), and adverse effects on the healing of inflammatory lesions (Milanino et al, 1993). Moreover, during infection, chemical substances have been shown to be redistributed from their normal deposits (e.g.…”

Section: Interactions Between Infection Nutrients and Xenobioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions between Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

2005

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Effects Of Xenobiotics On Host Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interactions Between Infection Nutrients and Xenobioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions between Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

2005

TemaNord

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“…Incomplete reactivation of HSV-1 in Balb/c mice following cadmium reactivation has been reported by Fawl et al (1996). In vitro establishment of non-productive infection by HSV-1 in keratinocyte culture has also been reported (Syrjanen et al, 1996;Hukkanen et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Equid herpesvirus 1 is neurotropic in mice, but latency from which infectious virus can be reactivated does not occur

Iqbal

Edington

2002

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is the most common cause of virus-induced abortion in horses. After primary infection the virus becomes latent predominantly in the respiratory tract lymph nodes and the genome can also be detected in the peripheral nervous system. The role of mouse as a feasible model for the establishment of latency and reactivation of EHV-1 was investigated. Intracerebral and intranasal infections of 3-and 17-day-old mice were made and virus replication was confirmed by virus isolation and detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) in brain. For reactivation studies, the mice were killed 8 weeks post infection and tissues were collected for cocultivation. In mice from both age groups, infectious virus was not detected by cocultivation. Following attempts to reactivate virus in vivo with corticosteroids, the viral antigen was detected at low levels by IIF and the expression of the gB gene by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in brain, trigeminal ganglia, olfactory lobe, lung and spleen. Virus was also detected by IIF following incubation of tissue explants in the growth medium containing pokeweed mitogen (PWM). These results show the limitations of the mouse model for investigating EHV-1 latency and highlights the issue of 'ineffective reactivation' of virus.

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“…Mn can change the virulence of retroviruses, including HIV (Vartanian et al, 1999) and genes inserted into the human cytomegalovirus genome can be expressed by such metals as Zn (Takekoshi et al, 1993). Cd has even been shown to reactivate herpes simplex virus in latent-infected mice (Fawl et al, 1996).…”

Section: Altered Virulence Of Microorganisms Caused By Nutrients and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions Among Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

Ilbäck

Friman

2007

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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During recent years there have been several incidents in which symptoms of disease have been linked to consumption of food contaminated by chemical substances (e.g., 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD). Furthermore, outbreaks of infections in food-producing animals have attracted major attention regarding the safety of consumers, e.g., Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis (BSE) and influenza in chicken. As shown for several xenobiotics in an increasing number of experimental studies, even low-dose xenobiotic exposure may impair immune function over time, as well as microorganism virulence, resulting in more severe infectious diseases and associated complications. Moreover, during ongoing infection, xenobiotic uptake and distribution are often changed resulting in increased toxic insult to the host. The interactions among infectious agents, nutrients, and xenobiotics have thus become a developing concern and new avenue of research in food toxicology as well as in food-borne diseases. From a health perspective, in the risk assessment of xenobiotics in our food and environment, synergistic effects among microorganisms, nutrients, and xenobiotics will have to be considered. Otherwise, such effects may gradually change the disease panorama in society.

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Reactivation of herpes simplex virus from latently infected mice after administration of cadmium is mouse-strain-dependent

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Interactions between Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

Interactions between Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

Equid herpesvirus 1 is neurotropic in mice, but latency from which infectious virus can be reactivated does not occur

Interactions Among Infections, Nutrients and Xenobiotics

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