Reactive Distillation

Abstract

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Mathematical Modeling of Reactive Distillation Processes 2.1. Equilibrium‐Based Models 2.2. Rate‐Based Models 3. Design of Reactive Distillation Processes 3.1. Procedures for Process Design Studies 3.2. Flow sheet for Process Development 4. Industrial Applications 4.1. Commercial Packing Structures 4.2. Industrial Catalytic Distillation Processes

Demonstration and experimental model validation of the DME synthesis by reactive distillation in a pilot-scale pressure column

“…In the simulation, the reaction was assumed to proceed in the liquid phase only. 22 Consequently, on each reactive stage, the reaction rate was calculated based on the respective stage temperature, liquid molar fraction of the components and catalyst mass per stage.…”

Performance of Continuous Hydrogen Production from Perhydro Benzyltoluene by Catalytic Distillation and Heat Integration Concepts with a Fuel Cell

“…[72,73] It is noteworthy that the reaction takes place primarily in the liquid phase, since the catalyst pellets must be wetted to maintain distillation premises. [40,74] The liquid holdup is subject to the conditions of the vapor-liquid countercurrent flow in the fixed bed for which some empirical models are given in the literature. [75] computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations may prove useful for this purpose in the future.…”

“…The benzyltoluene‐based LOHC system was applied for this study since the temperature window of the H12‐BT/H0‐BT distillative separation matches the temperature range of the dehydrogenation. [ 40 ] The boiling points of the dibenzyltoluene‐based LOHC system are too high to enable CD within the thermal stability limits of this organic carrier. [ 44,45 ] The toluene‐based LOHC system, in contrast, is impractical for the CD approach as the system would require high operation pressure due to its low boiling point.…”

“…[37] Note that the integration of a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction with distillation is the industrial forerunner in process-intensification methods [38,39] and the term CD emphasizes that a heterogeneous catalytic process is employed, whereas in reactive distillation, a homogenous or heterogeneous catalyst could be used. [39][40][41][42][43] The goal of our former work was to prove that CD can suppress product inhibition by enriching the more volatile H12-BT in the catalyst packing of a CD setup. The benzyltoluene-based LOHC system was applied for this study since the temperature window of the H12-BT/H0-BT distillative separation matches the temperature range of the dehydrogenation.…”

Modeling of Simultaneous Chemical and Phase Equilibria in Systems Involving Non-reactive and Reactive Azeotropes

“…Combining the chemical reaction with product separation in a single unit has several advantages: the reaction is led toward product formation, since products are constantly removed from the mixture, the formed azeotropes can be “broken” because of the reaction, and CAPEX and OPEX costs are reduced due to the requirement of fewer equipment, recycle streams, etc. In the case of exothermic reactions, energy requirements are also reduced, since the heat released by the reaction is used to evaporate the liquid …”