Reactive Extraction of Formic Acid by using Tri Octyl Amine (TOA)

Abstract

Distribution of formic acid (methanoic acid) between water and tri octyl amine (TOA) dissolved in various alcohols (isoamyl alcohol, hexan-1-ol, octan-1-ol, nonan-1-ol, decan-1-ol) as diluents, as well as the extraction capacity of pure diluent alone have been studied at isothermal conditions. All measurements were carried out at 298.15 K. The difference between the physical extraction and reactive extraction was studied. The loading factor, T T , extraction efficiency, D E , modified separation factor, S F , and, distribution coefficients, K D were calculated. The isoamylalcohol was found most effective solvent with maximum distribution value of 14.521. Possible equilibrium complexation constants for (acid:amine) (5:1), (6:1), and (7:1) have been determined as values of about 21.8 Â 10 3 , 15.6 Â 10 4 , and 11.1 Â 10 5 for K 51 , K 61 , and K 71 , respectively with isoamylalcohol. Furthermore, Linear Solvation Energy Relationship (LSER) model equation has been obtained to calculate distribution coefficients for alcohols with regression coefficient of 0.981.

Recovery of Formic Acid by Reactive Extraction Using an Environmentally-Friendly Solvent

“…However, at the same extractant levels and higher FA concentrations, the z values varied between 1 and 2, indicative of the simultaneous presence of 2:1 and 1:1 type acid-amine complexes. The results are consistent with those reported in the literature for tertiary amines and carboxylic acids (Tamada et al, 1990;Wasewar et al, 2002;Qin et al, 2003;Uslu, 2009;Martı et al, 2011)…”

“…However, at the same extractant levels and higher FA concentrations, the z values varied between 1 and 2, indicative of the simultaneous presence of 2:1 and 1:1 type acid-amine complexes. The results are consistent with those reported in the literature for tertiary amines and carboxylic acids (Tamada et al, 1990;Wasewar et al, 2002;Qin et al, 2003;Uslu, 2009;Martı et al, 2011) CONCLUSION Solvent or diluent type used during reactive extraction is so important for the recovery of carboxylic acids (Kertes and King, 1986). However, the most effective solvents are generally toxic chemicals and this is the most critical disadvantage of the technique that prevents its widespread use in industries.…”

“…Depending on the media, conditions and the solutes present, different types of complex structures may form. Previously, the loading ratios for FA/tertiary amines/organic solvents were calculated (Şenol, 2000;Qin et al, 2003;İnce et al, 2007;Uslu, 2009) Figure 4 shows the z values for reactive extraction of FA using SFO as the diluent in the organic phase. During the calculations, molar concentration values were used (E-4).…”

“…In this study, formic acid (FA) was recovered by using the non-toxic diluent, sunflower oil (SFO), instead of organic solvents, previously described in the literature (Şenol, 2000;Qin et al, 2003;İnce et al, 2007;Uslu, 2009;Martı and Oflaz, 2013). This is the first report of the successful use of this extraction strategy on FA.…”

Liquid-liquid extraction of mineral acids using Tri-n-octylamine

“…This property, combined with the difference in solubility between amine and salt, makes amines good acid acceptors and solvents for gas scrubbing and certain extraction processes. Extraction of various types of organic acids (e.g.1-Amino-2-Naphthol-4-Sulfonic acid (Gai et al, 2018), Acrylic acid (Tuyun and Uslu, 2015), Formic Acid (Uslu, 2009), Picric Acid (Uslu, 2011) etc. ) have been studied using TOA as extractant.…”