2001
DOI: 10.1002/app.1628
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Reactive extrusion of polycaprolactone compounds containing wood flour and lignin

Abstract: Biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) was melt-compounded in a Werner & Pfleiderer twin-screw extruder (ZSK25) together with wood flour (WF) and lignin with maleic anhydride-grafted polycaprolactone (PCL-g-MA) used as a compatibilizer. The grafting of maleic anhydride onto PCL was achieved with reactive extrusion in the presence of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(t-butylperoxy)hexane as an initiator. The graft copolymers were analyzed with size exclusion chromatography and titration. As a function of the initiator and mal… Show more

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Cited by 91 publications
(52 citation statements)
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“…For example, it can be used to fill and enhance rubber (Ushmarin and Kol'tsov, 2000;Setua et al, 2000), used as macromonomer in the preparation of polyurethane (Sarkar and Adhikari, 2001), epoxy resin (Zhao et al, 2001) and phenolic resin (Sarkar and Adhikari, 2000), blended with vinylic copolymer (Feldman et al, 2001), and used to prepare biodegradable polymers (Nitz et al, 2001). However, reports on study of lignin blends with PVC are few (Feldman and Banu, 1997;Banu et al, 2006;Feldman et al, 1996Feldman et al, , 2003Oliveira and Glasser, 1994;Raghi et al, 2000), and most of the PVC-lignin blends have the worse mechanical properties comparing with PVC due to the poor compatibility between them.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, it can be used to fill and enhance rubber (Ushmarin and Kol'tsov, 2000;Setua et al, 2000), used as macromonomer in the preparation of polyurethane (Sarkar and Adhikari, 2001), epoxy resin (Zhao et al, 2001) and phenolic resin (Sarkar and Adhikari, 2000), blended with vinylic copolymer (Feldman et al, 2001), and used to prepare biodegradable polymers (Nitz et al, 2001). However, reports on study of lignin blends with PVC are few (Feldman and Banu, 1997;Banu et al, 2006;Feldman et al, 1996Feldman et al, , 2003Oliveira and Glasser, 1994;Raghi et al, 2000), and most of the PVC-lignin blends have the worse mechanical properties comparing with PVC due to the poor compatibility between them.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…22,23 The positive factors of lignin as a modified component in the polymer matrix are as follows: it decreases the cost of the blends, it has good compatibility with natural and synthetic polymers because of the interaction between numerous functional groups of lignin and the polymer matrix, and it is an environmentally friendly filler in biodegradable, green blends. To this point, lignin has been incorporated as the reinforcing filler into all sorts of aliphatic polyesters, 24,25 such as polycaprolactone 26 and poly(L-lactic acid), 27 and has served to increase the modulus and/or improve the thermal properties. Consequently, the strategy of blending with lignin is a promising attempt to enhance the rigidity and lower the cost of the thermoplastic polymeric matrix.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mohanty et al 11,12 studied the influence of the surface modification of jute fibers on the performance of biodegradable jute/biopol 11 and jute/ polyester amide composites. 12 In addition, Nitz et al 13 evaluated the addition of wood flour and lignin in PCL and the compatibilization of these composites with PCL-g-maleic anhydride (MA). Plackett et al…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%