Reactive Iron and Iron‐Bound Organic Carbon in Surface Sediments of the River‐Dominated Bohai Sea (China) Versus the Southern Yellow Sea

Wang, Di; Zhu, Mao‐Xu; Yang, Gui‐Peng; Ma, Weiwei

doi:10.1029/2018jg004722

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(238 reference statements)

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“…Here, reactive iron is defined as the iron phases in sediments that could be extracted by sodium dithionite, mainly including ferrihydrite, lepidocrocite, goethite and hematite (Barber et al., 2017; Zhao, Yao, Bianchi, Shields, et al., 2018). Like phyllosilicates, reactive iron in sediments of the ECMS mainly originates from the Changjiang and Yellow Rivers (Wang et al., 2019; Zhao, Yao, Bianchi, Shields, et al., 2018; Zhu et al., 2012). Unlike phyllosilicates, iron oxides are sensitive to redox conditions, and the redox conditions in different mud areas of the ECMS are quite different owing to contrasting sediment dynamics (Wang et al., 2019; Zhao, Yao, Bianchi, Arellano, et al., 2018), which can greatly influence the iron‐OC association and thus the OC preservation (Ma et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2019; Zhao, Yao, Bianchi, Shields, et al., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controls on Organic Carbon Burial in the Eastern China Marginal Seas: A Regional Synthesis

Zhao

Yao

Bianchi

et al. 2021

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Marginal seas are important burial centers of both marine and terrestrial organic carbon (OC), accounting for the burial of more than 90% of sedimentary OC in marine environments Burdige, 2005;Hedges & Keil, 1995). These marginal seas receive vast amounts of sediments, freshwater, and nutrients from their adjacent rivers and coastal erosion, especially in those large delta-front estuaries (Bianchi & Allison, 2009;Kuehl et al., 2020). Large seasonal shifts of terrigenous inputs impact sedimentation rates, sources/age of OC, and primary productivity -all critical in controlling burial and decomposition of OC in marginal seas (Bauer et al., 2013;Bianchi et al., 2014;Liu et al., 2010). Recent work on differentiation of rock-derived or petrogenic OC (OC petro ) from physical erosion of bedrock in river drainage basins Abstract A regional synthesis of organic carbon (OC) burial was conducted using a comprehensive data set to reveal some of the key drivers and human multi-stressors controlling OC burial and transport in the Eastern China Marginal Seas (ECMS). Both OC and Δ 14 C values of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Changjiang River, were significantly higher than estuarine mobile-muds, suggesting selective decay of more labile younger OC from both marine and terrestrial sources and the accumulation of more recalcitrant older OC. Some of this decay is likely to be associated with iron-redox cycling in mobile-muds. In contrast, OC, δ 13 C, and Δ 14 C values increased along the Yellow River sediment dispersal pathway, indicating adding of young marine OC and less decay of terrestrial OC. OC burial efficiency in mud areas in the Bohai Sea (∼43%) was significantly higher than those in the Yellow (∼11%) and East China Seas (∼16%), owing to rapid deposition. Burial flux of biospheric OC in mud areas of the ECMS is 7.00 ± 0.79 Mt yr −1 , corresponding to atmospheric CO 2 drawdown by silicate weathering in major river drainage basins of mainland China. The burial flux of petrogenic OC was estimated to be 0.81 ± 0.25 Mt yr −1 , accounting for >1.9% of total burial in the global ocean. While the ECMS is an important OC sink, river damming has greatly reduced OC burial. Thus, the overall impact on anthropogenically altered riverdominated marginal seas remains an important and rapidly changing component of the coastal ocean carbon budget.Plain Language Summary A comprehensive regional synthesis of organic carbon (OC) burial and its drivers, were investigated across the Eastern China Marginal Seas (ECMS). Variation of OC content and carbon isotopic composition from suspended particulate matter to mobile muds, in Changjiang sediment dispersal pathways, indicated selective decomposition of younger more labile marine and terrestrial OC, which resulted in the accumulation of older more recalcitrant OC. However, continuous adding of young marine OC, with little loss of terrestrial OC, in Yellow River sediment dispersal pathway, resulted in more recalcitrant terrestrial OC buried in this relatively more quiescent sedimentary ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The box and whisker plots of TOC/SSA (a), soil OC/SSA (b), vascular plant OC/SSA (c), marine OC/SSA (d), Fe-OC/Fe ratios (e), and the percentage of Fe-OC to TOC (f Fe-OC ) (f) in different regions of the ECMS. The Fe-OC/Fe ratios and f Fe-OC were derived fromMa et al (2018),Wang et al (2019) andZhao, Yao, Bianchi, Shields, et al (2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Controls on Organic Carbon Burial in the Eastern China Marginal Seas: A Regional Synthesis

Zhao

Yao

Bianchi

et al. 2021

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…To date, the mechanisms stabilising OC with Fe R in marine sediments have mainly been studied in surface sediments 13,[19][20][21][22][23] . These studies show that the fraction of the total OC bound to Fe R (fOC-Fe R ) is on average 10-20%, with values ranging from~0.5 to 40%.…”

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confidence: 99%

Millennial scale persistence of organic carbon bound to iron in Arctic marine sediments

et al. 2021

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Burial of organic material in marine sediments represents a dominant natural mechanism of long-term carbon sequestration globally, but critical aspects of this carbon sink remain unresolved. Investigation of surface sediments led to the proposition that on average 10-20% of sedimentary organic carbon is stabilised and physically protected against microbial degradation through binding to reactive metal (e.g. iron and manganese) oxides. Here we examine the long-term efficiency of this rusty carbon sink by analysing the chemical composition of sediments and pore waters from four locations in the Barents Sea. Our findings show that the carbon-iron coupling persists below the uppermost, oxygenated sediment layer over thousands of years. We further propose that authigenic coprecipitation is not the dominant factor of the carbon-iron bounding in these Arctic shelf sediments and that a substantial fraction of the organic carbon is already bound to reactive iron prior deposition on the seafloor.

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“…(Hartnett et al, 1998;Hoefs et al, 2002;Huguet et al, 2008;Sinninghe Damsté et al, 2002;Sun and Wakeham, 1994;Wakeham et al, 1997); terminal electron acceptor (TEA) availability (Aller, 1994;Aller and Aller, 1998); microbial activity (LaRowe et al, 2020b); sediment biological mixing (Aller, 1980(Aller, , 1994Aller and Aller, 1998;Boudreau, 1994;Grossi et al, 2003;Middelburg, 2018); OM ageing and transport history (Bianchi et al, 2018;Cathalot et al, 2010;Griffith et al, 2010;Mollenhauer et al, 2003Mollenhauer et al, , 2007Ohkouchi et al, 2002); mineral protection through OM-sediment association (Bianchi et al, 2018;Hemingway et al, 2019;Keil and Cowie, 1999;Mayer, 1994aMayer, , 1994b; adsorption onto reactive iron minerals (e.g. Faust et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2018;Salvadó et al, 2015;Shields et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2019); or hydrogen sulfide exposure time (i.e., sulfurization) (Sinninghe Damsté et al, 1988, 1998. However, the relative significance of each of these factors remains poorly quantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing on large-scale trends of apparent organic matter reactivity in marine sediments and patterns of benthic carbon transformation

Freitas¹,

Pika²,

Kasten³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Constraining the mechanisms that control organic matter (OM) reactivity and, thus, degradation, preservation and burial in marine sediments across spatial and temporal scales is key to understanding carbon cycling in the past, present, and future. However, we still lack a quantitative understanding of what controls OM reactivity in marine sediments and, as a result, how to constrain it in global models. To fill this gap, we quantify apparent OM reactivity (i.e., model-derived estimates) by extracting reactive continuum model parameters (a and v) from observed benthic organic carbon and sulfate dynamics across 14 contrasting depositional settings distributed over five distinct benthic provinces. Our analysis shows that the large-scale range in apparent OM reactivity is largely driven by the wide variability in parameter a (10−3

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Reactive Iron and Iron‐Bound Organic Carbon in Surface Sediments of the River‐Dominated Bohai Sea (China) Versus the Southern Yellow Sea

Cited by 25 publications

References 99 publications

Controls on Organic Carbon Burial in the Eastern China Marginal Seas: A Regional Synthesis

Controls on Organic Carbon Burial in the Eastern China Marginal Seas: A Regional Synthesis

Millennial scale persistence of organic carbon bound to iron in Arctic marine sediments

Advancing on large-scale trends of apparent organic matter reactivity in marine sediments and patterns of benthic carbon transformation

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