Reactive surface treatment for calcium carbonate filler in polypropylene

Tabtiang, Arunee; Venables, R.A.

doi:10.1163/156855499x00305

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The modified filler was prepared with a procedure proposed by Li et al 6 and Tabtiang and Venables. 7 The dried bentonite was loaded into the chamber of a Henschel blender with the stearic acid at 1.5 parts per hundred (pph) bentonite. The mixing was initiated at low speed (1400 rpm) for 5 min and then increased up to 2800 rpm for 15 min; at this speed, the temperature of the blend reached 458C.…”

Section: Materials and Sample Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 However, on an industrial scale, the use of micrometer-scale fillers is a common practice for reducing costs or improving other factors, such as processing conditions, density, and flame-retardant properties and many times for enhancing the mechanical properties. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Several investigations have shown that considerable improvements in the mechanical properties of PP have been achieved through the use of clay minerals as fillers. [3][4][5] Among these fillers is bentonite, a layered aluminum silicate with exchangeable cations and reactive hydroxyl groups on the surface, primarily constituted from montmorillonite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface treatment of bentonite with stearic acid was based on that reported by Li et al 6 and Tabtiang and Venables. 7 This fatty acid has weak interactions with clays, and its hydrocarbon tail is compatible with PP. 13 Rheological properties play an important role in the processing conditions, so a good interaction between the polymer and filler results in better rheological behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical and rheological properties of polypropylene/bentonite composites with stearic acid as an interface modifier

Angel

Morales

Navarro‐Pardo

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, we present a study of polypropylene/bentonite composites where stearic acid was used as both a surface and interface modifier during the compounding of composites. The concentration of bentonite was 1.5, 2.5, 5.0, and 10 parts per hundred. The composites were characterized by impact resistance and tensile tests, rheological analysis, the dispersion state of the filler observed by optical microscopy, and interaction between bentonite and stearic acid, as analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. No chemical interaction was found between bentonite and stearic acid. Composites with modified bentonite and stearic acid used as interface modifiers increased the elongation at break; these samples also showed better dispersion of the filler in comparison with the other compounds. In addition, stearic acid acted as a lubricant, favoring the interaction of the polymer with the filler and decreasing the viscosity of the compounds.

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Section: Materials and Sample Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical and rheological properties of polypropylene/bentonite composites with stearic acid as an interface modifier

Angel

Morales

Navarro‐Pardo

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The properties of these composites are well studied. The filler size, filler structure, the state of dispersion of the filler, and the interfacial interaction between filler and matrix are the main factors affecting the final properties of the composite [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Da Silva et al studied the mechanical and rheological properties of composites based on polyolefin and mineral additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation on the mechanical and dynamic rheological properties of single and hybrid filler/polypropylene composites based on talc and calcium carbonate

Azizi

Faghihi

2009

Polymer Composites

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Some results of experiments on the mechanical and rheological properties of mineral filled polypropylene were presented. Single filler and hybrid filler composites of talc and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) were prepared in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The effect of filler type, filler content, and coupling agent on the mechanical and rheological properties of the polypropylene were studied. The coupling agent was maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA). It was found that the mechanical properties are affected by filler type, filler concentration, and the interaction between filler and matrix. The tensile strength of the composite is more affected by the talc while the impact strength is influenced mostly by CaCO 3 content. The elongation at break of PP/CaCO 3 composites was higher than that of PP/talc composites. The incorporation of coupling agent into PP/mineral filler composites increased the mechanical properties. Rheological properties indicated that the complex viscosity and storage modulus of talc filled samples were higher than those of calcium carbonate filled samples while the tan d was lower. The rheological properties of hybrid-filler filled sample were more affected by the talc than calcium carbonate. The PP-g-MA increased the complex viscosity and storage modulus of both single and hybrid composites.

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“…The carboxylic acid group is one of the dispersant anchoring groups that has also been investigated in recent years as a coupling agent-to-filler bonding group 3,4 . It does not, however, appear to have lived up to expectations in commercial applications, at least when used in lower molecular weight coupling agent systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Coupling Agent Technology

Scofield

2003

Polymers and Polymer Composites

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studied at Oxford University, and was awarded his D.Phil. for investigations into the stereochemistry of metal hydride reductions in 1970. A post-doctoral fellowship in micellar catalysis first aroused his interest in novel surface active materials, and he has spent the last 21 years developing novel polymeric dispersants, and more recently investigating rheological control and coupling agents. Although much of his work has been in paint and ink applications, Dr Schofield has also studied the performance of polymeric additives in filled and pigmented polymers, both thermoplastic and thermosetting. ABSTRACTThe results from the development of a novel coupling agent technology, which should very soon be launched commercially, will be described. The presentation will particularly focus on the performance of the technology in ATH filled EVA systems, and its benefits over existing coupling agent technologies. In particular a rheological profile, giving the potential for lower energy consumption and/or higher processing speeds, can be demonstrated without any significant diminution in the material properties that would be obtained using conventional coupling agents. Other properties related to the fire resistance and electrical stability will be reviewed, and the processing conditions and formulation modifications required to optimise this performance will also be discussed. Other applications for this coupling technology, including calcium carbonate filled EVA systems and hopefully calcium carbonate filled EPDM rubbers and/or PP homopolymer, will be covered in less detail, but should give some indication of the potential scope of the technology.

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Reactive surface treatment for calcium carbonate filler in polypropylene

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Mechanical and rheological properties of polypropylene/bentonite composites with stearic acid as an interface modifier

Mechanical and rheological properties of polypropylene/bentonite composites with stearic acid as an interface modifier

An investigation on the mechanical and dynamic rheological properties of single and hybrid filler/polypropylene composites based on talc and calcium carbonate

A Novel Coupling Agent Technology

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