Reactive Systems and Thermoplastic Vulcanizates

Cassagnau, Philippe; Martin, Greg; Barrès, Claire

doi:10.1002/9781118140611.ch8

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Knowledge of melt-state rheological properties not only supports the development of polymer processing operations, it can provide insight into molecular weight distributions, chain architectures and blend morphologies. Given that comprehensive reports on the meltstate properties of PP-based TPVs are available, 36 the scope of our study was limited to the effect of AOTEMPO-mediation on DV products. We began with a brief analysis of how AOTEMPO affects the properties of PP alone before progressing to studies of corresponding PP+EOC blends.…”

Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach to Dynamic Vulcanization: Use of Functional Nitroxyls to Control Reaction Dynamics and Outcomes

Bodley

Parent

2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A new method of exerting control over the dynamics and outcomes of radical-mediated polyolefin modifications is adapted for the dynamic vulcanization (DV) of polypropylene + poly(ethylene-co-octene) (PP+EOC) blends. Whereas the conventional peroxide-initiated DV of these blends produce extreme initial rates of EOC cross-linking and extensive PP matrix degradation, formulations containing nitroxyls that bear polymerizable functionality do not suffer from these limitations. Acryloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (AOTEMPO), used alone or in combination with a triacrylate monomer, is used to delay the onset of polymer modification, raise the cross-link density of dispersed elastomer phase, and mitigate changes to the molecular weight of the thermoplastic matrix. Brief demonstrations of the influence of AOTEMPO on dicumyl peroxide (DCP) modifications of each blend component are followed by careful studies of PP+EOC dynamic vulcanization. Dispersed phase size distributions and melt-state oscillatory rheometry reveal the effect of AOTEMPO on DV product architecture and morphology.

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Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach to Dynamic Vulcanization: Use of Functional Nitroxyls to Control Reaction Dynamics and Outcomes

Bodley

Parent

2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The rheological properties of PP‐based TPVs have received considerable attention in the open literature , with impact‐modified compositions known to behave in the manner of filler‐reinforced composites . This includes heightened elasticity at low oscillation frequencies, and power‐law viscosity relationships in the place of a Newtonian plateau.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AOTEMPO‐mediated dynamic vulcanization: Synthesis of impact‐modified polypropylene

Bodley

Parent

2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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New chemistry for controlling the dynamics and yields of radical‐mediated polyolefin modifications is adapted to prepare impact‐resistant thermoplastic vulcanizates. Dynamic vulcanization of polypropylene (PP) + poly(ethylene‐co‐octene) (EOC) blends using small amounts of acryloyloxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxyl (AOTEMPO) overcomes the limitations of conventional peroxide formulations, giving products with fine EOC particle dispersions, high PP matrix viscosities, and superior mechanical toughness. Guidelines for selecting starting materials and reagent concentrations are developed before assessing the merits of an AOTEMPO‐derived products relative to benchmark blend materials. Measurements of dispersed‐phase size distributions and melt‐state oscillatory shear rheological properties are combined with solid‐state impact resistance, flexural, and tensile data to identify the strengths and limitations of AOTEMPO chemistry with respect to impact‐toughening applications. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:1999–2007, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…Rheological measurement can provide a fast and precise way to continuously monitor the change of material properties and is commonly used as both online and offline characterization tools in a wide variety of industry applications. , Vulcanization of rubbers and curing of epoxy resins, for example, are typically monitored by measuring the change of shear modulus or viscosity with time. In theory, rheological probe can be applied in any system where the change of chemical composition is accompanied by a change of mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Study of Mutarotation of Fructose in Anhydrous State

et al. 2013

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Rheological measurement was employed to study the mutarotation of D-fructose in anhydrous state. By monitoring the evolution of shear viscosity with time, rate constants for mutarotation were estimated, and two different stages of this reaction were identified. One of the mutarotation stages is rapid and has a low activation energy, whereas the other is much slower and has a much higher activation energy. Possible conversions corresponding to these two phases are discussed. This work demonstrates that, in addition to the routine techniques such polarimetry and gas-liquid chromatography, rheological measurement can be used as an alternative method to continuously monitor the mutarotation of sugars.

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Reactive Systems and Thermoplastic Vulcanizates

Cited by 4 publications

References 63 publications

A New Approach to Dynamic Vulcanization: Use of Functional Nitroxyls to Control Reaction Dynamics and Outcomes

A New Approach to Dynamic Vulcanization: Use of Functional Nitroxyls to Control Reaction Dynamics and Outcomes

AOTEMPO‐mediated dynamic vulcanization: Synthesis of impact‐modified polypropylene

Rheological Study of Mutarotation of Fructose in Anhydrous State

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