Readability and quality assessment of internet-based patient education materials related to nasal septoplasty

Grose, Elysia; Holmes, Connor; Aravinthan, Kaishan; Wu, Vincent; Lee, John M.

doi:10.1186/s40463-021-00507-z

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In this study, the 22 sites with online education materials related to vocal cord leukoplakia were written at readability levels above those recommended by the AMA/NIH. These results are consistent with many other readability studies that have been published within otolaryngology 7,8,20,[28][29][30][31][32][33] and other specialties. [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] Similarly, PEMAT-P understandability and actionability scores were low.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…8,9 These studies found a difference in DISCERN scores between patient-and physician-oriented websites in materials about in-office vocal fold injection 10 but not about swallowing difficulties. 9 One study 29 focused on nasal septoplasty and found that patient education materials originating from academic institutions had significantly higher scores in some DISCERN criteria than those originating from private clinics. Data from the current study support that there is no difference in understandability and actionability between sites about vocal cord leukoplakia directed at patients and those directed at physicians.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Readability of Online Materials Related to Vocal Cord Leukoplakia

Shneyderman

Snow²,

Davis³

et al. 2021

OTO Open

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Objectives To assess readability and understandability of online materials for vocal cord leukoplakia. Study Design Review of online materials. Setting Academic medical center. Methods A Google search of “vocal cord leukoplakia” was performed, and the first 50 websites were considered for analysis. Readability was measured by the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG). Understandability and actionability were assessed by 2 independent reviewers with the PEMAT-P (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials). Unpaired t tests compared scores between sites aimed at physicians and those at patients, and a Cohen’s kappa was calculated to measure interrater reliability. Results Twenty-two websites (17 patient oriented, 5 physician oriented) met inclusion criteria. For the entire cohort, FRES, FKGL, and SMOG scores (mean ± SD) were 36.90 ± 20.65, 12.96 ± 3.28, and 15.65 ± 3.57, respectively, indicating that materials were difficult to read at a >12th-grade level. PEMAT-P understandability and actionability scores were 73.65% ± 7.05% and 13.63% ± 22.47%. Statistically, patient-oriented sites were more easily read than physician-oriented sites ( P < .02 for each of the FRES, FKGL, and SMOG comparisons); there were no differences in understandability or actionability scores between these categories of sites. Conclusion Online materials for vocal cord leukoplakia are written at a level more advanced than what is recommended for patient education materials. Awareness of the current ways that these online materials are failing our patients may lead to improved education materials in the future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readability of Online Materials Related to Vocal Cord Leukoplakia

Shneyderman

Snow²,

Davis³

et al. 2021

OTO Open

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“…Besides improving the general health of the public and the understanding of pathology and treatment, improving the readability of PEMs may also indirectly serve an important role in decreasing the frequency with which malpractice litigation occurs [ 2 ]. Improving the readability of PEMs could be achieved by minimizing the use of complex words, decreasing the number of words per sentence and syllables per word, using numbering or bullet points, and writing in an active voice [ 11 ]. Subsequently, this will lead to a better understanding of the procedure context and outcomes by the patients which will then improve the relationship between them and their interventionalists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complexity of Online Patient Education Materials About Interventional Neuroradiology Procedures Published by Major Academic Institutions

Aslan¹,

Musmar²,

Mamilly³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Health literacy is an independent predictor of population health status and is directly related to the readability of available patient education material. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the American Medical Association have recommended that patient education materials (PEMs) be written between a fourth-and a sixth-grade education level. The authors assessed the readability of online PEMs about neurointerventional procedures that have been published by several academic institutions across the US. MethodsOnline PEMs regarding five common neurointerventional procedures, including mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion, cerebral diagnostic angiography, carotid artery stenting, endovascular aneurysm embolization, and epidural steroid injection collected from the websites of 20 top institutions in Neurology and Neurosurgery. The materials were assessed via five readability scales and then were statistically analyzed and compared to non-institutional education websites (Wikipedia.com and WebMD.com). ResultsNone of the PEMs were written at or below the NIH's recommended 6th-grade reading level. The average educational level required to comprehend the texts across all institutions, as assessed by the readability scales, was 10-11 th grade level. Some materials required a college-level education or higher. Material from non-institutional websites had significantly lower readability scores compared to the 20 institutions. ConclusionsCurrent PEMs related to neurointerventional procedures are not written at or below the NIH's recommended fourth-to sixth-grade education level. Given the complexity of those procedures, significant attention should be pointed toward an improvement in the available online materials.

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“…However, if the cartilage is cut excessively, there is a risk of pollybeak deformity and other problems that require attention even in the C-shaped caudal septum. Patient education about complications as well as the expected benefits of surgery is important to improve patient satisfaction after surgery [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of modified cutting and suture technique for endonasal caudal septoplasty in correcting nasal obstruction and preventing nasal tip projection loss

Hosokawa

Miyawaki

Akutsu

et al. 2021

Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

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Purpose Caudal septoplasty is a difficult procedure. The cutting and suture technique is suitable for caudal septoplasty, but a batten graft is always necessary and bears the risk of nasal tip projection loss. We established a modified cutting and suture technique (MCAST), without using a batten graft, and investigated its effectiveness in correcting nasal obstruction and preventing nasal tip projection loss. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 22 patients who underwent caudal septoplasty using MCAST. Subjective assessment by Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score and objective assessment by computed tomography (CT) were performed before and after the surgery. For evaluating nasal tip projection, we asked patients about their awareness of external nasal deformity. Additionally, the nasal tip projection was measured by CT and compared before and after surgery. Results The median preoperative NOSE score reduced significantly after MCAST (P < 0.001). On CT, the ratio of the area of the convex side to that of the concave side in the anterior portion of the nasal cavity increased significantly after MCAST (P < 0.001). All patients were unaware of external nasal deformity. There were no significant differences in the mean preoperative and postoperative nasal tip height and nasolabial angle. The mean supra tip height was significantly greater postoperatively than preoperatively (P = 0.02). Conclusions The MCAST was useful for correcting nasal obstruction with caudal septal deviation. There was no postoperative loss of nasal tip projection. The MCAST can be suitable for correcting C-shaped caudal deviations without dislocating the caudal septum from the anterior nasal septum.

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Readability and quality assessment of internet-based patient education materials related to nasal septoplasty

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Readability of Online Materials Related to Vocal Cord Leukoplakia

Readability of Online Materials Related to Vocal Cord Leukoplakia

The Complexity of Online Patient Education Materials About Interventional Neuroradiology Procedures Published by Major Academic Institutions

Effectiveness of modified cutting and suture technique for endonasal caudal septoplasty in correcting nasal obstruction and preventing nasal tip projection loss

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