Reading thousands of books and traveling thousands of miles: Diversity of life experience mediates the relationship between family SES and creativity

Xu, Xiaobo; Pang, Weiguo

doi:10.1111/sjop.12591

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…However, the opportunity to work in this type of occupation is not equally distributed across social strata: those with lower socioeconomic backgrounds are less likely to have intrinsic motivation for an occupation [25]. Utilizing community resources is suggested to reduce the gap related to socioeconomic strata [16]. Our study showed that the benefit of public libraries was more prominent among adolescents with the lowest income category.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Xu and Pan reported that differences in life experience mediate the association between high socioeconomic status and creativity among university students. They suggested that this gap could be reduced by utilizing shared resources [16]. Further, social events held at public libraries can provide opportunities for children to be exposed to different experiences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Libraries in Human Flourishing: Adolescents’ Motivational Orientation for Occupation

Matsuyama

Fujiwara

2021

IJERPH

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Introduction: Adolescence is crucial for human flourishing and strongly influences having meaning in life. We investigated the association between local public library density as a shared resource and motivational orientation toward their occupation in Japanese adolescents. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted using data from a nationwide birth cohort survey in Japan (n = 12,184). At age 7, their caregivers answered questionnaires on children including the number of books read. Library density (low, moderate, or high) in each municipality was obtained from national statistics. At age 15, the adolescents indicated whether they had decided on an occupation and selected motivational orientations from among intrinsic (own ability and interest), extrinsic (high earnings, social class, or job stability), and altruistic (social contribution) orientations. Multilevel linear probability models were fitted, adjusting for confounders, including household socioeconomic status and city size. Results: Intrinsic, extrinsic, and altruistic motivations for desired occupation were reported by 40.7%, 31.9% and 41.8% of participants, respectively. Living in a municipality with a high library density at age 7 was associated with having intrinsic motivation at age 15 than low density by 3.1 percentage points (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35, 5.85). The association was more prominent for those with lower income (P for interaction = 0.026). Neither extrinsic nor altruistic motivations were associated with library density (coefficient: −0.13; 95% CI: −2.81, 2.56; coefficient: 0.08; 95% CI: −2.72, 2.88 percentage points, respectively). Conclusions: Developing libraries in communities could encourage intrinsic motivation in adolescents, specifically for those in low-income households.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Libraries in Human Flourishing: Adolescents’ Motivational Orientation for Occupation

Matsuyama

Fujiwara

2021

IJERPH

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“…Consistent with previous studies (Shi et al ., 2013; Xu & Pang, 2020), family SES was measured by five indicators: paternal occupation, maternal occupation, paternal education, maternal education, and family monthly income. Parental occupation comprised five categories: (1) the unemployed, temporary workers, unskilled workers, and farmers; (2) manual workers, construction workers, and lower level technicians; (3) white‐collar workers and middle level technicians; (4) middle‐class managers and civil servants; (5) senior executives, senior technicians, and leaders of government agencies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, family monthly income was classified into 10 levels (RMB): (1) less than 2,000; (2) 2,000–3,000; (3) 3,000–4,000; (4) 4,000–5,000; (5) 5,000–6,000; (6) 6,000–7,000; (7) 7,000–8,000; (8) 8,000–9,000; (9) 9,000–10000; (10) more than 10,000. Prior studies have validated the appropriateness of using these items to measure family SES (Shi et al ., 2013; Xu & Pang, 2020). In the current study, the internal consistency of this measurement, as indicated by McDonald’s Omega (McDonald, 1999), was satisfactory (0.82).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family socioeconomic status and Chinese high school students’ test anxiety: Serial mediating role of parental psychological control, learning resources, and student academic self‐efficacy

Xia

Pang

2021

Scandinavian J Psychology

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It is widely documented that students with lower family socioeconomic status (SES) tend to have higher test anxiety than their peers from higher SES families. However, few studies have empirically examined the underlying mechanism whereby family SES shapes students’ test anxiety. To bridge this gap, the present study proposed and tested a serial mediation model in which family SES is associated with students’ test anxiety through the indirect effect of parental psychological control, access to learning resources, and academic self‐efficacy. The sample comprised 354 Chinese high school students (134 boys; mean age = 16.15 years old). The results were as follows: (1) higher family SES was associated with increased access to learning resources, higher academic self‐efficacy, lower parental psychological control, and lower test anxiety. In contrast, test anxiety was associated with decreased access to learning resources, lower academic self‐efficacy, and higher parental psychological control; and (2) the mediation model indicated parental psychological control, learning resources, and academic self‐efficacy functioned as serial mediators in the relationship between family SES and students’ test anxiety (i.e., family SES → psychological control and learning resources → academic self‐efficacy → test anxiety). The findings are discussed in the framework of the family stress/investment models and social cognitive theory. Concrete suggestions for how low SES parents can help decrease their children’s test anxiety are provided.

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“…For example, people who grew up in disadvantaged families tended to have less stimulating home environments, insufficient parental involvement, and experienced maladaptation at school, resulting in inadequate personal development ( Rothe et al 2014 ; Seabra-Santos et al 2021 ; Skopek et al 2017 ). Due to inadequate development, the creative performance of people in disadvantaged situations cannot be compared with people in advantageous situations ( Xu and Pang 2020 ). Runco ( 1993 ) proposed that creative potential is widely distributed to both disadvantaged groups and advantaged groups and that the low creative performance of disadvantaged groups is related to them having more undiscovered creative potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Creator’s Situation on Creativity Evaluation: The Rater’s Cognitive Empathy and Affective Empathy Matter in Rating Creative Works

et al. 2022

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Successful intelligence theory suggests that creativity is necessary for personal achievement outside of intelligence. Unlike intelligence, creativity can develop in a supportive environment. People should consider the situation of disadvantaged groups, which are characterized by low personal achievement and a bad growth environment in creativity evaluation from a caring perspective. This study focuses on the effect of the creator’s situation on creative evaluation and the role of the rater’s empathy (i.e., cognitive empathy and affective empathy) and sympathy in creative evaluation. Four pairs of creator’s situations (by age, physical state, family situation, and economic state) were designed to represent people with disadvantages or advantages. A between-subject design was used with 590 undergraduate students randomly assigned to eight sub-conditions. The participants were asked to assess three products in eight situations. The rater’s empathy and sympathy in creativity evaluation were explored in the overall disadvantage (N = 300) and advantage (N = 290) conditions. The results showed that the participants only provided significantly higher ratings to the creative product made by a child. Cognitive empathy only predicted a creative rating under disadvantaged conditions, and affective empathy negatively moderated this effect. Affective empathy only predicted a creative rating under advantage conditions, and cognitive empathy positively moderated this effect. Affective empathy only predicted a creative rating under advantage conditions, and cognitive empathy positively moderated this effect. The possible mechanisms of the effect and implications for the establishment of a supportive environment for creativity and creativity teaching practice were discussed.

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Reading thousands of books and traveling thousands of miles: Diversity of life experience mediates the relationship between family SES and creativity

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Role of Libraries in Human Flourishing: Adolescents’ Motivational Orientation for Occupation

Role of Libraries in Human Flourishing: Adolescents’ Motivational Orientation for Occupation

Family socioeconomic status and Chinese high school students’ test anxiety: Serial mediating role of parental psychological control, learning resources, and student academic self‐efficacy

The Effects of the Creator’s Situation on Creativity Evaluation: The Rater’s Cognitive Empathy and Affective Empathy Matter in Rating Creative Works

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