Readout ASIC for 3D Position-Sensitive Detectors

Geronimo, G. De; Vernon, E.; Ackley, Kim; Dragone, A.; Fried, J.; O’Connor, P.; He, Zhong; Herman, Cedric; Feng, Zhang

doi:10.1109/tns.2008.922217

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the current ASIC does not record timing information for the input signals. However, a new ASIC to register both timing-and amplitude-information is considered, which will use similar technologies as in [13] [14]. …”

Section: Test Results With a Sealed Radiation Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

CZT virtual Frisch-grid detector: Principles and applications

Cui

Bolotnikov

Camarda

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and Technology Conference

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Abstract-Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) is a very attractive material for using as room-temperature semiconductor detectors, because it has a wide bandgap and a high atomic number. However, due to the material's poor hole mobility, several special techniques were developed to ensure its suitability for radiation detection. Among them, the virtual Frisch-grid CZT detector is an attractive option, having a simple configuration, yet delivering an outstanding spectral performance. The goal of our group in Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is to improve the performance of Frisch-ring CZT detectors; most recently, that effort focused on the non-contacting Frisch-ring detector, allowing us to build an inexpensive, large-volume detector array with high energy-resolution and a large effective area. In this paper, the principles of virtual Frisch-grid detectors are described, especially BNL's innovative improvements. The potential applications of virtual Frisch-grid detectors are discussed, and as an example, a hand-held gamma-ray spectrometer using a CZT virtual Frischgrid detector array is introduced, which is a self-contained device with a radiation detector, readout circuit, communication circuit, and high-voltage supply. It has good energy resolution of 1.4% (FWHM of 662-keV peak) with a total detection volume of ~20 cm 3 . Such a portable inexpensive device can be used widely in nonproliferation applications, non-destructive detection, radiation imaging, and for homeland security. Extended systems based on the same technology have potential applications in industrial-and nuclear-medical-imaging.

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Section: Test Results With a Sealed Radiation Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

CZT virtual Frisch-grid detector: Principles and applications

Cui

Bolotnikov

Camarda

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and Technology Conference

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“…However, the increase of the leakage current and the gain nonuniformity [e.g., Moszyński et al , ; Ikagawa et al , ] can potentially decrease the resolution of APDs, so the sub‐keV resolution can be achieved up to 5 × 5 mm level [ Webb and McIntyre , ]. Considering the recent advancement of multichannel readout techniques in a small power [e.g., De Geronimo et al , ], the pixel‐type reach‐through devices may offer a better solution in terms of the energy resolution [e.g., Ogasawara et al , ; Nakamori et al , ]. The thicknesses of regular reach‐through devices are typically 10–200 μm.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next‐generation solid‐state detectors for charged particle spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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The performance of silicon avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and single crystal chemical vapor deposit diamond detectors (DDs) is reviewed in comparison with conventional silicon‐based solid‐state detectors (SSDs) from the perspective of space plasma applications. Although the low‐energy threshold and the energy resolution are equivalent to SSDs, DDs offer a high radiation tolerance and very low leakage currents due to a wider band gap than silicon. In addition, DDs can operate at higher temperatures, are insensitive to light (>226 nm), and are capable of timing analysis due to the higher intrinsic carrier mobility. APDs also offer several advantageous features. Specifically, APDs have a lower energy threshold (<0.9 keV) and a higher energy resolution (<0.7 keV full width at half maximum at room temperature), along with a linear response due to a strong electric field causing signal amplifications within the detector. Therefore, APDs can be used to detect lower energy particles, covering a larger portion of the energy spectrum than conventional SSDs. Further, the strong internal electric field gives them a subnanosecond response time by the charge mobility saturation, allowing them to make precise timing measurements of ions. These novel detector techniques can be potentially applied to improve the measurements of suprathermal particles, whose energies lie between typical ranges of conventional sensors for low‐energy plasmas and energetic particles. Although the origin and evolution of the suprathermal particles are the key to understanding the acceleration and heating processes in space plasma, they are not well understood due to the technical difficulties of making the measurement.

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“…The pole introduced by the feedback loop is cancelled with a scaled replica of the mirror which created a zero at the output of the preamplifier. With this arrangement, the charge amplifier provides selectable charge gains of 48 or 96 [45].…”

Section: Anode and Pad Sensing Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Front-end ASIC for spectroscopic readout of virtual Frisch-grid CZT bar sensors

Vernon

Geronimo

Bolotnikov

et al. 2019

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Compact multi-channel radiation detectors rely on low noise front-end application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) to achieve high spectral resolution. Here, a new ASIC developed to readout virtual Frisch-grid cadmium zinc telluride (VFG CZT) detectors for gamma ray spectroscopy is presented.Corresponding to each ionizing event in the detector, the ASIC measures the amplitude and timing at the anode, the cathode and four pad sense electrodes associated with each sensor in a detector array. The ASIC is comprised of 52 channels of which there are 4 cathode channels and 48 channels which can be configured as either anode channels with a baseline of 250 mV or pad sense channels to process induced signals with a baseline of 1.2 V. With a static * Corresponding author power dissipation of 3 mW, each channel performs low-noise charge amplification, high-order shaping, peak and timing detection along with analog storage and multiplexing. The overall channel linearity was better than ± 1 % with timing resolution down to 700 ps for charges greater than 8 fC in the 3 MeV range. With a 4 x 4 array of 6 x 6 x 20 mm 3 virtual Frisch-grid bar sensors connected and biased, an electronic resolution of ≈ 270 a rms for charges up to 100 fC in the 3.2 MeV range was measured. Spectral measurements obtained with the 3D correction technique demonstrated resolutions of 1.8 % FWHM at 238 keV and 0.9 % FWHM at 662 keV.

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Readout ASIC for 3D Position-Sensitive Detectors

Cited by 41 publications

References 34 publications

CZT virtual Frisch-grid detector: Principles and applications

CZT virtual Frisch-grid detector: Principles and applications

Next‐generation solid‐state detectors for charged particle spectroscopy

Front-end ASIC for spectroscopic readout of virtual Frisch-grid CZT bar sensors

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