Ready, set, explore! Event-related potentials reveal the time-course of exploratory decisions

Hassall, Cameron D.; McDonald, Craig G.; Krigolson, Olave E.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2019.05.039

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This work is consistent with the body of literature that shows that cognitive conflict mechanisms can be induced when humans interact with robots (Abubshait, Parenti, et al, 2022;Perez-Osorio et al, 2021). Moreover, these data add to the literature showing that cognitive conflict processes, which are implicated in gambling paradigms (Hassall et al, 2019), are employed differently when people act on behalf of themselves vs. on behalf of artificial machines. This is of high importance to Human Factors as it illustrates that we can implicitly measure attitudes towards human and nonhuman agents (i.e,.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Forced Prosocial Behaviors towards Robots Induce Cognitive Conflict

Abubshait,

Therkelsen,

McDonald

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the rising use of social robots, it is important to understand how to evaluate their effects on human cognition. Thus, we aimed to implicitly measure prosociality towards robots (i.e., the tendency to impart rewards to robots), using a conflict-monitoring paradigm. Here, participants completed a gambling task where they “Won” or “Lost” gambles. Afterwards, a computer assigned the outcome of their gamble to either themselves, or Cozmo, a social robot. Critically, participants had to confirm the computer's assignment using a keypress. If participants experienced conflict, we reasoned that confirming the assignment would be delayed. Results showed that participants experienced more conflict when they won a gamble but had to give it to Cozmo as shown by slower response times. These data suggest that participants experienced conflict when forced to be prosocial towards Cozmo and provide evidence that conflict monitoring can measure implicit attitudes towards robots.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Forced Prosocial Behaviors towards Robots Induce Cognitive Conflict

Abubshait,

Therkelsen,

McDonald

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In order to create data driven analysis windows, window‐widths were based on the 50% amplitude of each component (Hassall et al., 2019). For theta, the latency analysis determined that there were significant latency shifts between correct trials, corrected error trials, and uncorrected error trials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subthreshold error corrections predict adaptive post‐error compensations

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Relatively little is known about the relation between subthreshold error corrections and post-error behavioral compensations. The present study utilized lateralized beta power, which has been shown to index response preparation, to examine subthreshold error corrections in a task known to produce response conflict, the Simon task.We found that even when an overt correction is not made, greater activation of the corrective response, indexed by beta suppression ipsilateral to the initial responding hand, predicted post-error speeding, and enhanced post-error accuracy at the singletrial level. This provides support for the notion that response conflict associated with errors can be adaptive, and suggests that subthreshold corrections should be taken into account to fully understand error-monitoring processes. Furthermore, we expand on previous findings that demonstrate that post-error slowing and post-error accuracy can be dissociated, as well as findings that suggest that frontal midline theta oscillations and the error-related negativity (ERN) are dissociable neurocognitive processes.

show abstract

“…Analysis windows were constructed on an individual participant basis in order to better capture each component at the single-trial level. To create analysis window widths that were data driven, we elected to create a windowwidth based on the 50% amplitude of the component (Hassall, McDonald, & Krigolson, 2019). The averaged window width across participants was computed to be from approximately −6 ms to 78 ms for the ERN and −110 ms to 258 ms for theta power.…”

Section: Eeg Data Acquisition and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting time and frequency domains: ERN and induced theta oscillations differentially predict post-error behavior

Beatty

Buzzell

Roberts

et al. 2020

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study investigated the neural dynamics of error processing in both the time and frequency domains, as well as associated behavioral phenomena, at the single-trial level. We used a technique that enabled us to separately investigate the evoked and induced aspects of the EEG signal (Cohen & Donner, 2013, Journal of Neurophysiology, 110[12], 2752-2763). We found that at the single-trial level, while the (evoked) error-related negativity (ERN) predicted only post-error slowing (PES)and only when errors occurred on incongruent trials-induced frontal midline theta power served as a robust predictor of both PES and post-error accuracy (PEA) regardless of stimulus congruency. Mediation models of both electrophysiological indices demonstrated that although the relationship between theta and PEA was mediated by PES, there was not a relationship between the ERN and PEA. Our data suggest that although the ERN and frontal midline theta index functionally related underlying cognitive processes, they are not simply the same process manifested in different domains. In addition, our findings are consistent with the adaptive theory of post-error slowing, as PES was positively associated with post-error accuracy at the single-trial level. More generally, our study provides additional support for the inclusion of a time-frequency approach to better understand the role of medial frontal cortex in action monitoring.Keywords ERN . Frontal midline theta . Action monitoring . Induced vs. evoked Within simple forced-choice decision-making tasks, committing an error initiates a cascade of cognitive events within the action-monitoring system. The participant will briefly disengage from the ongoing task, attend to and identify the error, and make cognitive and behavioral adjustments in an effort to prevent the error from reoccurring once they reengage in the task (Wessel, 2017;Wessel & Aron, 2017). In particular, these behavioral adjustments include increases in response time on trials that follow error commission (post-error slowing [PES]; Laming, 1979), as well as either increases or decreases in subsequent trial accuracy (post-error accuracy [PEA]). A major topic of debate in the research community is whether this slowing is an adaptive or maladaptive consequence of an error. Findings in support of adaptive theories suggest that PES provides additional time to process subsequent trial task stimuli, consequently enabling a relative improvement in task performance (increased PEA; Botvinick, Braver, Barch, Carter,

show abstract

Ready, set, explore! Event-related potentials reveal the time-course of exploratory decisions

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Forced Prosocial Behaviors towards Robots Induce Cognitive Conflict

Forced Prosocial Behaviors towards Robots Induce Cognitive Conflict

Subthreshold error corrections predict adaptive post‐error compensations

Contrasting time and frequency domains: ERN and induced theta oscillations differentially predict post-error behavior

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About