Real Objects Can Impede Conditional Reasoning but Augmented Objects Do Not

Sato, Yuri; Sugimoto, Yutaro; Ueda, Kazuhiro

doi:10.1111/cogs.12553

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Specifically, the results of Gazzo Castaneda and Knauff (2013) indicate that people who prefer to envisage the premises of reasoning problems also attempt to envisage nonvisual problems, which is why they present the visual impedance effect (also agreed by Knauff, 2018). Sato, Sugimoto, and Ueda (2017) recently showed the visual impedance effect in reasoning using real objects which could also be moved, supporting the idea that irrelevant details may impede reasoning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reasoning and Reading in Adults. A New Reasoning Task for Detecting the Visual Impendance Eﬀect

Panagiotidou

Serrano

Moreno-Ríos

2018

ACP

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The visual impedance hypothesis states that at the time of reasoning, the reading context provokes visual images, which may add irrelevant details to an inference and thus could hamper reasoning. This study aims to create a new visual version of a reasoning task, similar to the traditional propositional task of relational syllogisms, but based on visuospatial components. Using such a task, it would be possible to investigate the deductive ability of relational inferences in tests without the need for reading. Two reasoning tasks were used and measures of working memory, visuospatial memory, intelligence, and reading comprehension were taken. The participants were 61 university students without reading difficulties. Results show that both versions of the reasoning task work similarly in finding the main reasoning effects expected. Findings support the visual impedance effect, that is, fewer correct responses in problems with imaginable contents than with neutral ones. They indicate that this new visual task could be used to explore reasoning skills without reading being involved, and this would be useful for testing reasoning in people both with and without reading difficulties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reasoning and Reading in Adults. A New Reasoning Task for Detecting the Visual Impendance Eﬀect

Panagiotidou

Serrano

Moreno-Ríos

2018

ACP

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“…More recently, Sato, Sugimoto, and Ueda (2018) studied the visual impedance effect in external representation and diagrammatic reasoning in adults with typical development, using real objects that could be manipulated and objects designed on a computer in the form of a graphic (two-dimensional objects). Their results showed a better performance in the task with manipulative features than in the computer task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the visual impedance effect in children with and without reading difficulties using a new visual reasoning task

2019

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This study examined reasoning skills in children, specifically transitive reasoning and the visual impedance effect, with a new visual/pictorial task. The visual impedance effect is the effect produced by the possible interference in the reasoning process of irrelevant details elicited from the premises of a reasoning task. The new task had no reading requirements, which made it suitable for testing reasoning in primary school children, especially children with reading difficulties (RD), such as dyslexia. The study aimed also to validate the possible use of the task for studying reasoning and detecting the visual impedance effect without the interference of reading skills and to investigate the association between transitive reasoning and reading abilities. A pilot study (N = 10) was used to test the suitability of the new task for primary school children. Afterwards, the task was tested on a larger sample of children of third to sixth Grade, with and without RD (N = 84). Results showed that the new task is able to detect the main reasoning effects as well as the visual impedance effect. The findings are discussed, with the new task considered appropriate for studying reasoning skills in child populations both with and without RD.

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“…Indeed, Stenning and van Lambalgen (2001) emphasised the distinction of two kinds of reasoning: reasoning toward an interpretation of premises and reasoning from a fixed interpretation of premises. 2 Based on the approach of using easy-to-understand representations (Sato & Mineshima, 2015;Sato, Sugimoto, & Ueda, 2018), the current study adapts external graphical representations, instead of ordinary representations of natural language sentences, to fix the interpretation of premises and provide a fine-grained analysis of inference. In particular, we focus on two distinct graphical representations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human inference beyond syllogisms: an approach using external graphical representations

2018

Self Cite

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Research in psychology about reasoning has often been restricted to relatively inexpressive statements involving quantifiers (e.g. syllogisms). This is limited to situations that typically do not arise in practical settings, like ontology engineering. In order to provide an analysis of inference, we focus on reasoning tasks presented in external graphic representations where statements correspond to those involving multiple quantifiers and unary and binary relations. Our experiment measured participants' performance when reasoning with two notations. The first notation used topological constraints to convey information via node-link diagrams (i.e. graphs). The second used topological and spatial constraints to convey information (Euler diagrams with additional graph-like syntax). We found that topo-spatial representations were more effective for inferences than topological representations alone. Reasoning with statements involving multiple quantifiers was harder than reasoning with single quantifiers in topological representations, but not in topo-spatial representations. These findings are compared to those in sentential reasoning tasks.

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Real Objects Can Impede Conditional Reasoning but Augmented Objects Do Not

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Reasoning and Reading in Adults. A New Reasoning Task for Detecting the Visual Impendance Eﬀect

Reasoning and Reading in Adults. A New Reasoning Task for Detecting the Visual Impendance Eﬀect

Testing the visual impedance effect in children with and without reading difficulties using a new visual reasoning task

Human inference beyond syllogisms: an approach using external graphical representations

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