Real Time Analysis of Biphasic Temperature Pattern of BBT Using NiMn₂O₄ Nanocomposite Thermistor

Abstract

There is a significant interest in the analysis of biphasic temperature pattern for natural family planning (NFP). In this paper, we report an IoT enabled Basal Body Temperature (BBT) monitoring system—designed and developed using a NiMn2O4 nanocomposite powder based thermistor. BBT is the lowest body temperature attained at rest and normally ranges from 308.70 to 310.65 K. The pelletized active material NiMn2O4 was placed in a thermally conductive Teflon tube with Aluminum (Al) metal contacts on either side as electrical contacts to the active material. Resistance of the Al/NiMn2O4/Al composite structure is inversely proportional to temperature changes. A resistance change of 953000 ± 500 to 591000 ± 450 Ω was observed for a change of basal body temperature from 304.65 to 313.15 K with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9628. Real time monitoring of BBT was facilitated by Node MCU and ThingSpeak IoT platform for predicting the ovulation pattern in women.