“…Until now, many methods have been proposed to reduce the traffic congestion in both static and dynamic cases, including (1) economic policies, e.g., congestion pricing (Pigou, 1920;Evans, 1992;Yang and Huang, 2005;Laval et al, 2015;Daganzo and Lehe, 2015); tradable credits (Yang and Wang, 2011;Akamatsu and Wada, 2017;Lahlou and Wynter, 2017); rewards (Rouwendal et al, 2012); transit subsidy (Parry and Small, 2009); parking pricing (D'Acierno et al, 2006); and (2) engineering control schemes, e.g., speed limits (Knoop et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2012;Chen and Ahn, 2015); ramp metering (Papageorgiou and Kotsialos, 2002); license plate rationing (Nie, 2017); lane control (Dahlgren, 1998;Daganzo and Cassidy, 2008;Fosgerau, 2011) and so on. Although the popular congestion pricing schemes have been implemented in some cities, there are still a long way toward eliminating the public's reluctance to accept tolls.…”