Real-Time Detection of Glyphosate by a Water-Gated Organic Field-Effect Transistor with a Microfluidic Chamber

Asano, Kōichi; Didier, Pierre; Ohshiro, Kohei; Lobato‐Dauzier, Nicolas; Genot, Anthony J.; Minamiki, Tsukuru; Fujii, Teruo; Minami, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00511

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…[18] However, while these works try to model and assess the causes of the EGOT instabilities, they lack a systematic study of the effects of the application of an EBS, which is a fundamental aspect to be taken into account in specific applications such as real-time biosensing, where the measurement protocol may introduce an additional and unwanted signal variation. [19,20] In this work is therefore reported a study on the stability of EGOTs based on two commercial p-type semiconductive polymers, with particular focus on the impact of the EBS on the device performances. For this study, two polymers are compared, namely P3HT and poly [3-(5-carboxypentyl)thiophene-2,5-diyl] (P3CPT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation and Modeling of the Electrical Bias Stress in Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Transistors

Segantini

Ballesio

Palmara

et al. 2022

Adv Elect Materials

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is coupled with the gate electrode via an electrolyte. The application of a bias to a polarizable gate electrode may either induce the formation of two electrical double layers or allow the intercalations of ions in the OSC film. In the first case, the transistors are operating in the field-effect mode and they are called electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors (EGOFETs), while in the second case, an electrochemical doping occurs and the devices are named organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). EGOTs can operate with voltages below 1 V and are extremely sensitive to any change that occurs either on the gate electrode or on the OSC. For this reason, these devices are exploited in biosensing applications for the detection of specific binding events occurring at the gate surface, which is functionalized to match the targeted analyte. Indeed, EGOTs can be used as biosensors to detect low concentrations of relevant biomolecules (proteins, [1][2][3] nucleic acids, [4,5] drugs [6][7][8] ), but the manufacturing of these devices for scale production and commercial applications is still far to be achieved. In fact, one of the main disadvantages of EGOTs is their poor operational stability, whose origins are still under investigation. [9][10][11] Several works in the literature concerning organic transistors address the instability related to the electrical bias stress (EBS), but most of the proposed models deal with solid-state organic field-effect transistor (OFET). [12,13] For this kind of devices, the EBS is responsible for mobile charges trapping either in the OSC material, or in the insulating dielectric, or at the OSC/dielectric interface. This mechanism is usually related to high-voltageinduced water electrolysis phenomena affecting adsorbed adventitious water molecules present on the oxide surface. [12,14] The EBS in EGOTs should be ascribed to different causes since the low operating voltages prevent any water electrolysis to occur. In addition to this, the different nature of the dielectric material avoids any charge accumulation in the dielectric, being the ions in the electrolyte free to move. Concerning the operational stability of EGOTs, only a limited number of works are found in the literature addressing the issue. For instance, Blasi et al. investigated the long-term stability of EGOFETs based on poly(3hexylthiophene) (P3HT), showing that the maximum current drift over time could be modeled with a biexponential function, in which two processes with different timescales occur. [15] Electrolyte-gated organic transistors (EGOTs) are emerging as an important tool in advanced biosensing applications. However, their widespread exploitation is still limited by their poor operational stability. In order to understand the causes of this unreliability, the proposed study focuses on the influence of electrical bias stress (EBS) on EGOTs operating in aqueous electrolytes. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-and poly[3-(5-carboxypentyl)thiophene)] (P3CPT)-based transistors are studied under the application o...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and Modeling of the Electrical Bias Stress in Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Transistors

Segantini

Ballesio

Palmara

et al. 2022

Adv Elect Materials

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“…Different approaches have been proposed in the literature for the integration of such devices in microfluidic platforms. Asano et al demonstrated the real time detection of glyphosate in water exploiting a microfluidics integrated EGOT [7], while White et al developed a versatile floating gate transistor for the label-free detection of DNA [8] and proteins [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Portable Microfluidic Platform for EGOT-Based in Liquid Biosensing

Segantini

Parmeggiani

Ballesio

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In biosensing applications, the exploitation of organic transistors gated via a liquid electrolyte has increased in the last years thanks to their enormous advantages in terms of sensitivity, low cost and power consumption. However, a practical aspect limiting the use of these devices in real applications is the contamination of the organic material, which represents an obstacle for the realization of a portable sensing platform based on electrolyte-gated organic transistors (EGOTs). In this work, a novel contamination-free microfluidic platform allowing differential measurements is presented and validated through finite element modeling simulations. The proposed design allows the exposure of the sensing electrode without contaminating the EGOT device during the whole sensing tests protocol. Furthermore, the platform is exploited to perform the detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a validation test for the introduced differential protocol, demonstrating the capability to detect BSA at 1 pM concentration. The lack of contamination and the differential measurements provided in this work can be the first steps towards the realization of a reliable EGOT-based portable sensing instrument.

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“…[ 6,15 ] While some of these studies demonstrated real‐time sensing, including the quantification of changes in solute concentration over time and the transport rate of molecules at the solid–liquid interface during crystallization, none have explored the continuous monitoring of biomolecule recognition (i.e., binding of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins). [ 16,17,11 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6,15] While some of these studies demonstrated real-time sensing, including the quantification of changes in solute concentration over time and the transport rate of molecules at the solid-liquid interface during crystallization, none have explored the continuous monitoring of biomolecule recognition (i.e., binding of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins). [16,17,11] In this work, a sensing platform based on an array of EGOFETs integrated with a microfluidic cell is demonstrated for real-time detection of the hybridization of DNA under a flowing electrolyte with <1 s temporal resolution. The array configuration was adopted because sensor platforms typically require parallel sensing to rapidly quantify multiple analytes in a single, precious biological sample, and to increase detection reliability for an individual analyte by using multiple replicates of individual devices on a single substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Microfluidic Integrated Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Field‐Effect Transistor Sensors for Rapid, In Situ and Label‐Free Monitoring of DNA Hybridization

Doumbia

Webb

Behrendt³

et al. 2022

Adv Elect Materials

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Electrolyte‐gated organic field‐effect transistors (EGOFETs) are subject to intense research for biosensing in fluids. The ability of these devices to quantify a variety of chemical and biological molecules sensitively and selectively, but ex situ, has been widely demonstrated. However, continuous monitoring of analyte‐receptor interactions in real time by EGOFETs, in high demand for practical applications, has rarely been explored. Here, an EGOFET array integrated with a microfluidic device, for real‐time detection of the hybridization of DNA is presented. The integrated devices exhibit highly reproducible electrical performance in the array and can operate under different electrical stresses over >1 h with 85–96% figures of merit retention. The utility of the devices is demonstrated to detect the hybridization of a complementary target DNA in 10 × 10−3 m phosphate‐buffered saline (1× PBS) selectively with a temporal resolution of <1 s in a flow of analyte with no incubation step. The detection time is <30 s and the relative standard deviation of the sensing reproducibility is <15% under the target concentration of 100 × 10−9 m.

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Real-Time Detection of Glyphosate by a Water-Gated Organic Field-Effect Transistor with a Microfluidic Chamber

Cited by 16 publications

References 60 publications

Investigation and Modeling of the Electrical Bias Stress in Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Transistors

Investigation and Modeling of the Electrical Bias Stress in Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Transistors

Design of a Portable Microfluidic Platform for EGOT-Based in Liquid Biosensing

Robust Microfluidic Integrated Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Field‐Effect Transistor Sensors for Rapid, In Situ and Label‐Free Monitoring of DNA Hybridization

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