Real-time estimation of fuel injection rate and injection volume in high-pressure common rail systems

Liu, Bingxin; Fei, Hongzi; Wang, Liuping; Fan, Liyun; Yang, Xiaotao

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2024.131386

Energy

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.131386

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Real-time estimation of fuel injection rate and injection volume in high-pressure common rail systems

Bingxin Liu,

Hongzi Fei,

Liuping Wang

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

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Injected Fuel Mass and Flow Rate Control in Internal Combustion Engines: A Systematic Literature Review

Ferrari,

Gurrì,

Vento

2024

Energies

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Advancements in fuel injection systems have dramatically improved the precision of controlling injected fuel mass or flow rate; a key factor in optimizing internal combustion engine (ICE) performance, emissions control, and fuel efficiency. This review systematically analyzes 145 scientific research papers from the last two decades, including older foundational works, tracing the evolution of injected mass control from early Bosch and Zeuch meters to advanced machine learning or physical models. This study draws upon research collected from the most reputable databases. Through both qualitative and quantitative analyses, the state-of-the-art of these systems is presented, and key innovations are highlighted regarding advanced control algorithms and real-time feedback mechanisms under various operational conditions such as high or transient loads and multi-stage injection strategies. Special attention is given to challenges in maintaining precise control with alternative fuels like biodiesel, hydrogen, or synthetic fuels, which exhibit different physical properties compared to traditional fuels. The findings emphasize the need for further research on injection control, especially in light of stringent emissions regulations. Improving these systems for next-generation ICEs is a key point for achieving cleaner, more efficient combustion and bridging the sustainability gap between traditional and future mobility solutions.

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Injected Fuel Mass and Flow Rate Control in Internal Combustion Engines: A Systematic Literature Review

Ferrari,

Gurrì,

Vento

2024

Energies

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Advanced Methods for Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Control Loops in Common Rail Systems

Bacci di Capaci,

Pannocchia

2024

Processes

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Common rail systems are a key component of modern diesel engines and highly increase their performance. During their working lifetime, there could be critical damages or failures related to aging, like backlash or friction, or out-of-spec operating conditions, like low-quality fuel with, e.g., the presence of water or particles or a high percentage of biodiesel. In this work, suitable data-driven methods are adopted to develop an automatic procedure to monitor, diagnose, and estimate some types of faults in common rail systems. In particular, the pressure control loop operating within the engine control unit is investigated; the system is described using a Hammerstein model composed of a nonlinear model for the control valve behavior and an extended linear model for the process dynamics, which also accounts for the presence of external disturbances. Three different sources of oscillations can be successfully detected and quantified: valve stiction, aggressive controller tuning, and external disturbance. Selected case studies are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology.

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Real-time estimation of fuel injection rate and injection volume in high-pressure common rail systems

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Injected Fuel Mass and Flow Rate Control in Internal Combustion Engines: A Systematic Literature Review

Injected Fuel Mass and Flow Rate Control in Internal Combustion Engines: A Systematic Literature Review

Advanced Methods for Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Control Loops in Common Rail Systems

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