Real-Time Hardware in the Loop Simulation Methodology for Power Converters Using LabVIEW FPGA

Estrada, Leonel; Vázquez, N.; Vaquero, Joaquín; Castro, Ángel de; Arau, J.

doi:10.3390/en13020373

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…NI manufactures its own hardware platforms to augment the technical capabilities of LabVIEW, from data acquisition cards to hardware acceleration platforms. The LabVIEW FPGA functionality allows downloading models or part of them to FPGAs that can be used to create HIL graphical models with the equations of the converter (in other words, it is necessary to write the equations manually) [46]. However, in comparison with the VHDL language, there are limitations, such as time resolution [47].…”

Section: Commercial Hilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware-in-the-Loop and Digital Control Techniques Applied to Single-Phase PFC Converters

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Power electronic converters for power factor correction (PFC) play a key role in single-phase electrical power systems, ensuring that the line current waveform complies with the applicable standards and grid codes while regulating the DC voltage. Its verification implies significant complexity and cost, since it requires long simulations to verify its behavior, for around hundreds of milliseconds. The development and test of the controller include nominal, abnormal and fault conditions in which the equipment could be damaged. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) is a cost-effective technique that allows the power converter to be replaced by a real-time simulation model, avoiding building prototypes in the early stages for the development and validation of the controller. However, the performance-vs-cost trade-off associated with HIL techniques depends on the mathematical models used for replicating the power converter, the load and the electrical grid, as well as the hardware platform chosen to build it, e.g., microprocessor or FPGA, and the required number of channels and I/O types to test the system. This work reviews state-of-the-art HIL techniques and digital control techniques for single-phase PFC converters.

show abstract

Section: Commercial Hilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware-in-the-Loop and Digital Control Techniques Applied to Single-Phase PFC Converters

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The motor model and PWM pattern were implemented in an Avnet PicoZed, which contains a Xilinx ZYNQ-7000 (XC7Z015-1SBG485) system on chip (SoC). A systematic methodology for HIL power electronic converters by using LabVIEW software was reported by Estrada et al [28]. Five simple steps are proposed for HIL converters: design, modeling, solving the model using a numerical method, programming an off-line simulation of the model using fixed-point representation and implementing the solution of the model in FPGA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSP-HIL Comparison between IM Drive Control Strategies

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to their high robustness and simple maintenance, induction motors (IM) are commonly applied in household appliances and industry. Recently, advanced control techniques are being applied to traditional controllers such as field-oriented control (FOC) and torque control (DTC). Dynamic performance improvement, hardware simplification and software resource reduction are some of the characteristics reported by these advanced techniques, where a comparison of the new proposal with a traditional structure is generally reported for its validation. However, an assessment between advanced techniques is usually missing. Therefore, we evaluated the traditional FOC and DTC with two additional advanced control modifications, fuzzy and predictive. The resulting six structures were numerically evaluated using MATLAB SIMULINK in a 5 HP four-pole three-phase IM and practically validated using hardware-in-the-loop (Typhoon HIL 402 and DSP TMS320F28035). Speed, torque, phase current and flux response are reported for the six controllers and practical insights are summarized.

show abstract

“…Although first HIL systems were implemented by using computers [10], reaching simulation steps of tens of microseconds, most of the current HIL systems use fieldprogrammable gate arrays (FPGAs) [11][12][13], including commercial systems such as Opal-RT, dSPACE, and Typhoon HIL, among others. In the literature, it is also common to find FPGA-based HIL systems based on platforms that were not designed explicitly for HIL purposes, such s NI LabView, but reached good results [4,14]. The main advantage of FPGAs is that they have a parallel architecture, where many complex operations can be performed simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Deadtime Events in Power Converters with Half-Bridge Modules for a Highly Accurate Hardware-in-the-Loop Fixed Point Implementation in FPGA

2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulations of power converters must achieve a truthful representation in real time with simulation steps on the order of microseconds or tens of nanoseconds. The numerical solution for the differential equations that model the state of the converter can be calculated using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method, which is notably more accurate than Euler methods. However, when the mathematical error due to the solver is drastically reduced, other sources of error arise. In the case of converters that use deadtimes to control the switches, such as any power converter including half-bridge modules, the inductor current reaching zero during deadtimes generates a model error large enough to offset the advantages of the Runge–Kutta method. A specific model is needed for such events. In this paper, an approximation is proposed, where the time step is divided into two semi-steps. This serves to recover the accuracy of the calculations at the expense of needing a division operation. A fixed-point implementation in VHDL is proposed, reusing a block along several calculation cycles to compute the needed parameters for the Runge–Kutta method. The implementation in a low-cost field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) (Xilinx Artix-7) achieves an integration time of 1μs. The calculation errors are six orders of magnitude smaller for both capacitor voltage and inductor current for the worst case, the one where the current reaches zero during the deadtimes in 78% of the simulated cycles. The accuracy achieved with the proposed fixed point implementation is very close to that of 64-bit floating point and can operate in real time with a resolution of 1μs. Therefore, the results show that this approach is suitable for modeling converters based on half-bridge modules by using FPGAs. This solution is intended for easy integration into any HIL system, including commercial HIL systems, showing that its application even with relatively high integration steps (1μs) surpasses the results of techniques with even faster integration steps that do not take these events into account.

show abstract

Real-Time Hardware in the Loop Simulation Methodology for Power Converters Using LabVIEW FPGA

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Hardware-in-the-Loop and Digital Control Techniques Applied to Single-Phase PFC Converters

Hardware-in-the-Loop and Digital Control Techniques Applied to Single-Phase PFC Converters

DSP-HIL Comparison between IM Drive Control Strategies

Modeling of Deadtime Events in Power Converters with Half-Bridge Modules for a Highly Accurate Hardware-in-the-Loop Fixed Point Implementation in FPGA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About