Real-time monitoring of tailings dams

Spatiotemporal slope stability analytics for failure estimation (SSSAFE): linking radar data to the fundamental dynamics of granular failure

“…Natural and engineered slopes, composed of granular materials like rocks, concrete and soil, can maintain their structural integrity even as damage spreads. But there is a tipping point, beyond which damage arXiv:2103.08244v1 [math.OC] 15 Mar 2021 can propagate to cause catastrophic failure with little to no apparent warning signs at the macroscale [1][2][3] .…”

“…The landslides in Xinmo (China, 2017) and the dam collapse in Brumadinho (Brazil, 2019) are recent reminders of the devastating impact of slope failure on human lives and livelihoods, infrastructure, and the environment [1][2][3][4][5] . Here the term failure is used from an operative point of view and is the moment when the slope totally or partially collapses, displaying a paroxysmal acceleration and a disintegration of the mobilized material.…”

“…Here the term failure is used from an operative point of view and is the moment when the slope totally or partially collapses, displaying a paroxysmal acceleration and a disintegration of the mobilized material. A critical frontline defense against these hazards is large-scale monitoring and analysis of slope movement using remote sensing technologies 1,3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . Some of these measurements have now reached spatial and temporal resolutions (e.g., Slope Stability Radar 7 ) which enable direct connections to be made to the fundamental deformation and failure of granular materials 1,3,6,11 .…”

“…A critical frontline defense against these hazards is large-scale monitoring and analysis of slope movement using remote sensing technologies 1,3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . Some of these measurements have now reached spatial and temporal resolutions (e.g., Slope Stability Radar 7 ) which enable direct connections to be made to the fundamental deformation and failure of granular materials 1,3,6,11 . Nevertheless, there are significant challenges to overcome before the full potential of these data assets can be harnessed for geotechnical risk assessment and hazard management 11,12 .…”

High Accurate Mathematical Tools to Estimate the Gravity Direction Using Two Non-Orthogonal Inclinometers

“…Major artillery guns may have an associated inclinometer used to facilitate the aiming of shells over long distances [ 7 , 8 ]. Permanently installed inclinometers are employed at major earthworks such as dams [ 9 , 10 ] to monitor the long-term stability of the structure. Inclinometers can also be used in robotics [ 11 ] and to measure bridge deflections [ 12 ] for bridge safety evaluation.…”