Real time quantitative colourimetric test for methamphetamine detection using digital and mobile phone technology

Choodum, Aree; Parabun, Kaewalee; Klawach, Nantikan; Daéid, Niamh Nic; Kanatharana, Proespichaya; Wongniramaikul, Worawit

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.11.018

Cited by 67 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…3 After the image acquisition, several processing techniques can be applied to enhance the visualization of some features of the images; there is an increasing interest in image analysis associated with multivariate analysis tools, such as principal components analysis (PCA), which are appropriate for the interpretation of the multiple types of information contained in an image. 1 In the most recent years, different research groups have used image analysis as an analytical tool in several distinct areas of knowledge: in food science and technology for visual inspection of fruit 4 and for the development of a portable iPhone-DIC system for the quantification of tetracycline residues in milk; 5 in forensic applications, where the Simon presumptive color test is used in combination with a built-in digital camera on a mobile phone to detect methamphetamine; 6 and for the diagnosis of kidney failure through the ascertainment of creatinine in urine samples. 7 These tools were also used in the development of a simple, fast, and safe method to identify adulteration of cow's milk based on the building of color histograms in RGB and/or HSI scales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PhotoMetrix: An Application for Univariate Calibration and Principal Components Analysis Using Colorimetry on Mobile Devices

Helfer¹,

Magnus²,

Böck³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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This article describes the development of a mobile colorimetric analysis tool. The application, called PhotoMetrix, employs the techniques of simple linear correlation for univariate analysis and principal components analysis (PCA) for multivariate exploratory analysis. The image data are captured by the main camera of the device and converted into red, green and blue (RGB) histograms. As regards the application, the iron determinations were performed in vitamin supplements (univariate module) and differentiation of banknotes was performed by PCA (multivariate module). For the iron determinations, three samples of vitamins at concentrations of 14, 40 and 50 mg of iron per tablet were tested and the results were not statistically significant (p > 0.05) compared to the reference method. The differentiation of banknotes was performed on Brazilian and Argentinean banknotes. The results showed clustering of the same types of banknotes, and through the loadings graph it was possible to observe the variables through the formation of clusters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PhotoMetrix: An Application for Univariate Calibration and Principal Components Analysis Using Colorimetry on Mobile Devices

Helfer¹,

Magnus²,

Böck³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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“…[16,17] There are more than 16 million RGB colours (256 3 ) (Eqn (1)) on a scale of 0-255. It was employed as-is to record colourimetric results of amphetamine and methamphetamine presumptive drug tests using red-green-blue (RGB).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colour quantitation for chemical spot tests for a controlled substances presumptive test database

Elkins

Weghorst

Quinn

et al. 2016

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Crime scene investigators (CSIs) often encounter unknown powders, capsules, tablets, and liquids at crime scenes, many of which are controlled substances. Because most drugs are white powders, however, visual determination of the chemical identity is difficult. Colourimetric tests are a well-established method of presumptive drug identification. Positive tests are often reported differently, however, because two analysts may perceive colour or record colourimetric results in different ways. In addition to perceiving colour differently, it is very common for there to be poor visibility conditions (e.g. rain, darkness) while performing these tests, further obscuring the results. In order to address these concerns and to create uniformity in the reporting of on-site colourimetric test results, this study has evaluated two of the state-of-the-art apps (ColorAssist® and Colorimeter®) for reporting the colour test results quantitatively in red-green-blue (RGB) format. The compiled library database of presumptive test results contains over 3300 data points including over 800 unique drug/test combinations. Variations observed between test replicates, from performing a test on different days, recording with a different device type (e.g. iPod Touch, iPhone models 4, 5c, 5s, or 6), and using different quantities of drug are discussed. Overall, the least variation in Euclidian norm was observed using ColorAssist® with the camera light (25.1±22.1) while the variation between replicates and data recorded using different devices was similar. The resulting library is uploaded to a smartphone application aimed to aid in identifying and interpreting suspected controlled substance evidence. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…In recent years, colourimetric methods have been extended to various fast and direct quantitative determinations by coupling with the analysis of digital images [18][19][20][21][22]. Such methods have been used for rapid quantitative analysis of trinitrotoluene [18,21], as well as other analytical applications [19,20,[22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such methods have been used for rapid quantitative analysis of trinitrotoluene [18,21], as well as other analytical applications [19,20,[22][23][24][25][26][27]. A digital image provides basic red green blue (RGB) colour data for colourimetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The various types of digital cameras for colour imaging include digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras [18][19][20]28], digital compact cameras [26,27,29], built-in cameras in mobile phones [21,22], and webcams [30][31][32][33][34][35]. The use of such cameras as colourimetric detectors lowers the cost of quantitative analysis by avoiding the costs of an expensive spectrophotometer, and webcams in particular are inexpensive and readily accessible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On-site semi-quantitative analysis for ammonium nitrate detection using digital image colourimetry

et al. 2015

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Real time quantitative colourimetric test for methamphetamine detection using digital and mobile phone technology

Cited by 67 publications

References 20 publications

PhotoMetrix: An Application for Univariate Calibration and Principal Components Analysis Using Colorimetry on Mobile Devices

PhotoMetrix: An Application for Univariate Calibration and Principal Components Analysis Using Colorimetry on Mobile Devices

Colour quantitation for chemical spot tests for a controlled substances presumptive test database

On-site semi-quantitative analysis for ammonium nitrate detection using digital image colourimetry

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