Real time synchrotron SAXS and WAXS investigations on temperature related deformation and transitions of β-iPP with uniaxial stretching

Cai, Ziwei; Zhang, Yao; Li, Jingqing; Xue, Fei; Shang, Yingrui; He, Xuehao; Feng, Jiachun; Wu, Zhonghua; Shichun, Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2012.02.012

Cited by 89 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…12,13,19 The other is investigating the deformation behavior of iPP in the presence of a b-crystal nucleating agent. [15][16][17]20 Microcellular foam injection molding (FIM), which uses a supercritical uid such as supercritical carbon dioxide or nitrogen as a physical blowing agent, can manufacture lightweight plastic products with complex, three-dimensional geometries with low material usage and low energy consumption. [21][22][23] In addition to being lightweight, due to the presence of cellular structures, such foam products usually reveal additional benets, such as excellent energy absorption and good acoustic and thermal insulation in comparison with those of their solid counterparts.…”

Section: -5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of cellular morphologies and crystalline structures in high-expansion isotactic polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber nanocomposite foams

et al. 2018

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Herein, the development of cell morphology and crystalline microstructure of injection-molded isotactic polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber (PP/CNF) composite foams with 2-10-fold expansion ratios was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Compared with isotactic polypropylene (iPP) foams, the added CNF improved the cell morphology and resulted in a great reduction in cell size. Additionally, the PP lamella orientation and crystal type were notably altered during the core-back FIM process. As the expansion ratio increased, the original isotropic lamellae in the iPP foams were transformed into an oriented lamellar structure and then further transformed into a typical shish-kebab structure, while hybrid shishkebab structures were simultaneously generated in the high-expansion PP/CNF nanocomposite foams. Accordingly, the highest content of b-crystals was observed in the low-expansion iPP foams. In contrast, the b-crystal content in PP/CNF composites decreased monotonously as the expansion ratio increased, which resulted from the combined effects of CNF's nucleating ability for a-crystals and the more dominant extensional flow effect assisted by the added CNF.

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Section: -5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of cellular morphologies and crystalline structures in high-expansion isotactic polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber nanocomposite foams

et al. 2018

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“…Such materials have many benefits such as increased shear to tensile stiffness ratios, indentation resistance, energy absorption and the ability to form synclastic doubly-curved surfaces [2][3][4]. A range of auxetic materials have been discovered, fabricated and investigated during the last two decades, including auxetic cellular solids [5,6], auxetic microporous polymers [7,8], auxetic composites [9][10][11], molecular auxetic materials [1,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The variation in Poisson’s ratio caused by interactions between core and wrap in helical composite auxetic yarns

Bhattacharya¹,

Zhang²,

Ghita³

et al. 2014

Composites Science and Technology

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“…Furthermore, there is a specific angle between them (e.g., 80°C or 100°C) [1,[13][14][15]. However, lamellar branching structure for the b-form crystal is seldom reported in the open literatures [13,16,17]. As for the b-form iPP samples subjected to uniaxial deformation during tensile test, it was found that lamellar branching structure of b-form crystal occurs at a strain of 17 % [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, lamellar branching structure for the b-form crystal is seldom reported in the open literatures [13,16,17]. As for the b-form iPP samples subjected to uniaxial deformation during tensile test, it was found that lamellar branching structure of b-form crystal occurs at a strain of 17 % [16]. With respect to polymer melt upon polymer processing, lamellar branching of b-form crystal was recently observed in the injection-molded iPP containing 1.0 wt% of b-NA in our previous work [13], which is also found recently in other study [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insight into lamellar branching of β-nucleated isotactic polypropylene upon melt-stretching: WAXD and SAXS study

Liu

Liu²,

Zheng

et al. 2014

J Mater Sci

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Polymer processing generally plays a crucial role in determining the development of microstructure in the fabricated product. In this paper, isotactic polypropylene (iPP) containing 0.1 wt% b-nucleating agent was extruded via a slit die and immediately melt-stretched upon various stretching rates (SR) at the die exit. The microstructure of b-nucleated iPP samples was investigated using two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scatterings (2D-WAXD/SAXS) measurements. It is observed that, no matter what SR is, lamellar branching of b-form crystal is formed in meltstretched samples, which is scarcely reported in open literatures. A method is proposed to calculate the crystallinity of daughter lamellae in b-crystal (X b-D ). It is found that X b-D decreases with increasing SR, indicating that lamellar branching of b-form crystal is restrained by higher SR. Such case should be attributed to the denser-oriented structures (e.g., shish) induced by higher SR, leaving a confined space between adjacent-oriented structures for the growth of daughter lamellae.

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Real time synchrotron SAXS and WAXS investigations on temperature related deformation and transitions of β-iPP with uniaxial stretching

Cited by 89 publications

References 48 publications

Evolution of cellular morphologies and crystalline structures in high-expansion isotactic polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber nanocomposite foams

Evolution of cellular morphologies and crystalline structures in high-expansion isotactic polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber nanocomposite foams

The variation in Poisson’s ratio caused by interactions between core and wrap in helical composite auxetic yarns

New insight into lamellar branching of β-nucleated isotactic polypropylene upon melt-stretching: WAXD and SAXS study

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