Real-Time Through-Wall Situation Awareness Using a Microwave Doppler Radar Sensor

Gennarelli, Gianluca; Ludeno, Giovanni; Soldovieri, Francesco

doi:10.3390/rs8080621

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In future research, the application of MIMO through-wall radar to extract vital signs (such as breathing, heartbeat, arm swing) or human micro-Doppler [39,40] will be explored. In addition, compressive sensing technology can also be applied to through-wall detection of sparse arrays to reduce the sampling time and improve the resolution [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a UWB MIMO Radar System with Miniaturized Vivaldi Antenna for Through-Wall Imaging

Zeng

Wang

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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The ultra-wideband (UWB) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar technique is playing a more and more important role in the application of through-wall detection because of its high resolution, lower antenna requirements, and efficient data capturing ability. This paper develops a novel UWB MIMO radar system using a stepped-frequency continuous-wave (SFCW) signal, which is designed to detect human targets behind the regular brick and concrete wall. In order to balance high range resolution and wall-penetration depth, a novel miniaturized Vivaldi antenna with desired bandwidth of 0.5–2.5 GHz was designed, simulated, manufactured, and successfully used in through-wall imaging. To suppress the artifacts in the focused image and reduce the computing complexity, the cross-correlation-based time domain back projection (CC-TDBP) algorithm was developed. In addition, a through-wall imaging model was established, based on which the effects of the wall on the refraction of electromagnetic (EM) waves and the reduction of velocity are compensated. Finally, different experiments were conducted for multiple stationary targets utilizing the designed radar system, and the improved BP-based algorithms are applied to focus the targets behind the wall more accurately. The reconstructed two-dimensional (2D) images illustrate that the designed MIMO radar system can successfully detect and image human targets in the air and behind the wall.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a UWB MIMO Radar System with Miniaturized Vivaldi Antenna for Through-Wall Imaging

Zeng

Wang

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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“…The contactless measurement of vital signs with bioradar technique is valuable in several application fields such as security and surveillance, healthcare, and space medicine [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…because it could be exploited to save human lives. Moreover, it can be exploited to detect stationary or moving subjects hidden behind building walls [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metrological Characterization for Vital Sign Detection by a Bioradar

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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Abstract:In space missions, during the long isolation at extreme conditions for human health, it is of paramount importance to monitor vital parameters. One such parameter is the breathing rate. Indeed, several factors can induce some breathing anomalies during the sleep, which may cause apnea episodes. In order to act timely with the right therapy, an early diagnosis is required. Conventional devices are usually uncomfortable since they require electrodes or probes in contact with the subject. An alternative way to perform this kind of measurement in a remote sensing modality is provided by a continuous wave bioradar operating in the microwave frequency band. This is an effective contactless tool for monitoring the respiratory activity through the measurement of chest deformation due to inhalation and exhalation. The radar emits a low power electromagnetic wave at a single frequency, which is reflected by the human chest. By measuring of the phase shift between the incident and reflected wave, it is possible to detect and monitor the respiratory rate. The main contribution of this work is concerned with a metrological characterization of the continuous wave bioradar; which is a topic not thoroughly assessed in the relevant literature. In particular, the bioradar measurements are also compared with data recorded by a spirometer, which is a standard medical device that measures the air volume inhaled and exhaled by the subject. The purpose of this study is the characterization of the measurement standard uncertainty to enable the assessment of the bioradar system performance.

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“…According to the radar architecture used, there are four typical types: continuous-wave (CW) radar [7,8], frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar [9,10], stepped-frequency continuous-wave (SFCW) radar [11,12] and impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar [13,14]. Single-tone continuous wave is also called Doppler radar or interferometry radar, and it has high receiving sensitivity, high measurement accuracy, simple structure, low cost and relatively easy post-processing [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Life Detection and Localization Using a Wideband Chaotic Signal with an Embedded Tone

Liu

Guo

et al. 2016

Sensors

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A hybrid life detection radar system which transmits a wideband chaotic signal containing an embedded single-tone is proposed. The chaotic signal is used for target localization by the time-domain correlation method and synthetic aperture technique, and the single-tone signal is used to measure the frequencies of breathing and heartbeat based on an on-chip split-ring integrated sensor and Michelson interference principle. Experimental results in free space and in through-wall scenarios demonstrate that the system can realize human detection and localization simultaneously with high range resolution, high sensitivity, and large dynamic range without complex signal processing. The range resolution is about 10 cm, and the dynamic range is 35 dB for the respiration signal detection and 25 dB for the heartbeat signal detection. Due to its good immunity to interference/jamming and high spectrum efficiency, the proposed system is suitable for post-disaster rescue, elder/infant/patient vitality monitoring, and anti-terrorism enforcement applications.

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Real-Time Through-Wall Situation Awareness Using a Microwave Doppler Radar Sensor

Cited by 51 publications

References 24 publications

Design and Analysis of a UWB MIMO Radar System with Miniaturized Vivaldi Antenna for Through-Wall Imaging

Design and Analysis of a UWB MIMO Radar System with Miniaturized Vivaldi Antenna for Through-Wall Imaging

Metrological Characterization for Vital Sign Detection by a Bioradar

Simultaneous Life Detection and Localization Using a Wideband Chaotic Signal with an Embedded Tone

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