Real-World Apremilast Use for Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis in Italy: Patient Perspective, Characteristics, and Clinical Outcomes from the DARWIN Study

Abstract

Introduction While several European studies have reported real-world apremilast use, patient-perceived benefits, and treatment satisfaction, local reimbursement criteria for apremilast vary and data from Italy are limited. Methods The cross-sectional DARWIN study enrolled consecutive patients who had initiated apremilast for plaque psoriasis 6 (± 1) months prior to enrolment at a single visit across 24 Italian dermatological sites. Disease severity was assessed using body surface area (BSA) and Physician Global Assessment (PGA). Patient-reported outcomes assessed 6 (± 1) months after apremilast initiation were Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Patient Benefit Index (PBI), and 9-item Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9). Results Of 184 patients enrolled between July 2019 and January 2021, 180 were included in the analysis. At apremilast initiation, median (25th–75th percentile) time since psoriasis diagnosis was 8.6 (3.2–22.2) years; median BSA, 10.0% (5.0–16.0); mean (standard seviation, SD) DLQI total score, 13.5 (8.0). Over half (54.9%) of patients with available data reported psoriasis had a very or extremely large effect on their quality of life (QoL); half reported itching (50.6%) and/or special areas involvement (50.0%). Most (73.9%) had comorbidities and were biologic-naïve (81.5%). The most common reasons for initiating apremilast were lack of efficacy of previous treatment (56.7%) and contraindications to other treatments (44.4%). At 6 (± 1) months, most patients were continuing apremilast and/or reported a Global PBI score ≥ 1 (minimum clinical benefit) (86.1% and 90.0%, respectively); approximately half achieved BSA ≤ 3% and/or DLQI total score ≤ 5 (47.1% and 48.5%); 18.8% achieved PGA = 0; mean (SD) TSQM-9 global treatment satisfaction score was 59.0 (24.8). Apremilast was well tolerated; no new safety signals were identified. Conclusions Patients treated with apremilast for 6 months in Italian clinical practice reported improved QoL, clinically relevant improvements in symptoms, high treatment satisfaction, and high treatment persistence. Our data indicate apremilast is a valuable treatment option for moderate plaque psoriasis. Study Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT04031027. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-023-02516-y.