Real-world assessment of the clinical utility of whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of infection

Medvedeva, Natalia; Radcliffe, Christopher; Malinis, Maricar; Chen, Ming-Kai; Azar, Marwan M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277403

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The latter patient category suffers from fever and elevated inflammatory markers while the location of the infection or inflammation remains unknown ( 5 ). [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT imaging allows for the determination of foci of infection and/or inflammation, thereby guiding therapy ( 6 , 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long axial field of view PET/CT in critically ill patients: lessons from a case report

van Snick,

van Leer,

Nijsten

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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The introduction of new long axial field of view (LAFOV) scanners is a major milestone in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. With these new systems a revolutionary reduction in scan time can be achieved, concurrently lowering tracer dose. Therefore, PET/CT has come within reach for groups of patients in whom PET/CT previously was undesirable. In this case report we discuss the procedure of a continuous bed motion (CBM) total-body [18F]FDG PET/CT scan in an intensive care patient. We emphasize the clinical and technical possibilities with this new camera system, a matched clinical protocol, and the added value of a dedicated team.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long axial field of view PET/CT in critically ill patients: lessons from a case report

van Snick,

van Leer,

Nijsten

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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show abstract

“…In addition, recent developments that can reduce artifacts, such as zoomed DWI reported in the abdominal region, 7 may further improve image quality in the head and neck region. 18 F-fludeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has been employed to assess head and neck malignancies and whole body systemic infections and inflammation, 8,9 while its use in head and neck infections is confined to the skull base and dental areas. 10,11 To date, the role of newer imaging techniques in head and neck infections has not been adequately described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced imaging of head and neck infections

Baba

Kurokawa

et al. 2023

Journal of Neuroimaging

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When head and neck infection is suspected, appropriate imaging contributes to treatment decisions and prognosis. While contrast‐enhanced CT is the standard imaging modality for evaluating head and neck infections, MRI can better characterize the skull base, intracranial involvement, and osteomyelitis, implying that these are complementary techniques for a comprehensive assessment. Both CT and MRI are useful in the evaluation of abscesses and thrombophlebitis, while MRI is especially useful in the evaluation of intracranial inflammatory spread/abscess formation, differentiation of abscess from other conditions, evaluation of the presence and activity of inflammation and osteomyelitis, evaluation of mastoid extension in middle ear cholesteatoma, and evaluation of facial neuritis and labyrinthitis. Apparent diffusion coefficient derived from diffusion‐weighted imaging is useful for differential diagnosis and treatment response of head and neck infections in various anatomical sites. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI perfusion may be useful in assessing the activity of skull base osteomyelitis. MR bone imaging may be of additional value in evaluating bony structures of the skull base and jaw. Dual‐energy CT is helpful in reducing metal artifacts, evaluating deep neck abscess, and detecting salivary stones. Subtraction CT techniques are used to detect progressive bone‐destructive changes and to reduce dental amalgam artifacts. This article provides a region‐based approach to the imaging evaluation of head and neck infections, using both conventional and advanced imaging techniques.

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Diagnostic Performance of 18F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Blood Test Parameters for Pulmonary Inflammatory Pseudotumor

Pan,

Wang,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Journal of Thoracic Imaging

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Purpose: Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor (PIP) is an inflammatory proliferative tumor-like lesion that frequently exhibits hypermetabolism on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging (PET/CT) and is readily misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. The purpose of this study was to identify PIP by combining PET/computed tomography metabolic and blood test characteristics with machine learning. Patients and Methods: We recruited 27 patients with PIP and 28 patients with lung cancer (LC). The PET metabolic and blood test parameters were collected, and the differences between the groups were evaluated. In addition, we combined the support vector machine (SVM) classifier with the indicators that differed between the groups to classify PIP and LC. Results: For PET metabolic parameters, our findings showed that, as compared with the LC group, maximal standardized uptake value (P< 0.001, t = −4.780), Mean standardized uptake value SUVmean, P< 0.001, t = −4.946), and SD40% (P< 0.001, t = −4.893) were considerably reduced in the PIP group, whereas CV40% (P= 0.004, t = 3.012) was significantly greater. For blood test parameters, the total white blood cell count (P< 0.001, t= 6.457) and absolute neutrophil count (P< 0.001, t= 6.992) were substantially higher in the PIP group than in the LC group. Furthermore, the performance of SVM trained solely on PET metabolic parameters (mean area under the curve [AUC] = 0.84) was comparable to that of SVM trained solely on blood test parameters (mean AUC = 0.86). Surprisingly, utilizing the combined parameters increased SVM performance significantly (mean AUC = 0.98). Conclusion: PET metabolic and blood test parameters differed significantly between the PIP and LC groups, and the SVM paradigm using these significantly different features has the potential to be used to classify PIP and LC, which has important clinical implications.

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Real-world assessment of the clinical utility of whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of infection

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Long axial field of view PET/CT in critically ill patients: lessons from a case report

Long axial field of view PET/CT in critically ill patients: lessons from a case report

Advanced imaging of head and neck infections

Diagnostic Performance of 18F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Blood Test Parameters for Pulmonary Inflammatory Pseudotumor

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