Realimentation of Cull Range Cows. I. Effect of Final Body Condition and Dietary Energy Level on Rate, Efficiency and Composition of Gains

Swingle, R. S.; Roubicek, C. B.; Wooten, R. A.; Marchello, J. A.; Dryden, F. D.

doi:10.2527/jas1979.484913x

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Goats in the ADLIB‐group had a lower ( P < 0.01) moisture concentration and higher ( P < 0.05) fat concentration in the muscles than those in the MAIN‐group, whereas protein concentrations in the muscles were not affected by preslaughter intensive feeding. These results agree with previous research indicating that concentrate feeding increased the percentage of lipids, but percentage of protein remained constant (Swingle et al . 1979).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of pre‐slaughter nutritional condition on intramuscular collagen solubility, pyridinoline cross‐links and meat tenderness in aged goats

Shiba

Matsuzaki

Tsuneishi

2004

Animal Science Journal

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Effects of preslaughter nutritional condition on intramuscular collagen characteristics were studied, in order to clarify the potential of intensive feeding to aged animals in improving meat tenderness. Ten castrated male goats were assigned into one of two groups: one group was allowed ad libitum access to a concentrate diet (total digestible nutrients 70%, crude protein 15%) and Italian ryegrass hay (ADLIB‐group), and the other group was fed a restricted amount of their diet (concentrate diet 0.5% of bodyweight/day; hay 1.5% of bodyweight/day) to maintain their bodyweight (MAIN‐group). After 3 months of the experimental period, goats were slaughtered and meat samples were obtained immediately. Goats in ADLIB‐group had lower total and insoluble collagen concentrations, higher fat concentrations and collagen solubility than those in MAIN‐group, but soluble collagen concentrations of muscles were similar for both groups. Goats in ADLIB‐group had lower pyridinoline concentrations than those in MAIN‐group, in all muscles, but the differences of pyridinoline concentration between the groups were not statistically significant. Warner‐Bratzler shear force values of Longissimus and Biceps femoris muscles were lower in ADLIB‐group than in MAIN‐group. The increase of meat tenderness by preslaughter intensive feeding seemed to be associated with the increase in intramuscular fat deposition and high collagen solubility, and pyridinoline cross‐link appeared to be one of the factors related to collagen solubility.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of pre‐slaughter nutritional condition on intramuscular collagen solubility, pyridinoline cross‐links and meat tenderness in aged goats

Shiba

Matsuzaki

Tsuneishi

2004

Animal Science Journal

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“…A common problem in these industries is the lack of body condition and therefore lean yield of cull cows as owners mostly dispose of cows to get salvage value and do not regard them as potentially valuable meat animals. Several studies have shown that feeding of energydense diets over short periods to cull cows could be profitable (Sawyer et al, 2004), improve carcass characteristics (Swingle et al, 1979;Matulis et al, 1987;Cranwell et al, 1996a;Stelzleni et al, 2007) and meat quality (Cranwell et al, 1996b;Stelzleni et al, 2007). However, Jones (1983) demonstrated that the improvement in carcass yield was mostly due to fat deposition with minor gains in muscle thereby decreasing the proportional yield of bone and muscle and increasing fat proportions in all major fat depots (Jones and Macleod, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of duration of zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of grain-fed cull cows

Strydom

Smith

2010

Animal

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Several studies have shown that feeding of an energy-dense diet over short periods to cull cows could be profitable in terms of increased saleable yield and improved carcass conditions. Although the application of growth promoters, such as anabolic implants and beta agonists, in finishing of cull cows have been recorded, there is no conclusive evidence as to the timing and duration of beta agonists in cull cow production. In this study, 288 cull cows with four or more permanent incisors and varying weights and body conditions were divided into four treatment groups so that variation in age, weight and body condition were equally distributed among groups. One group received concentrate feed without any beta agonist (C), whereas the other three groups also received concentrate feed with zilpaterol hydrochloride (6 p.p.m.) for 20 (Z20), 30 (Z30) or 40 (Z40) days, respectively, followed by a 2-day withdrawal. Animals were adapted for 10 days on a grain-based diet and fed an additional 40 days before slaughter. Growth rate and efficiency (live and carcass), trimmed meat yield and meat tenderness (Warner Bratzler shear force and sensory) of the aged (10 days) m. longissimus thoracis (LT) and m. semitendinosus (ST) were recorded. In general, Z cows had higher carcass gains and efficiency of gain than C cows ( P , 0.05). In addition, Z carcasses showed higher proportional trimmed meat yields than C carcasses ( P , 0.05). No significant differences in tenderness measurements were recorded for LT or ST. In general, supplementation of zilpaterol for 30 days showed better growth performance and higher trimmed meat yield than 20 and 40 days supplementation.

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“…One method to improve cull cow quality is to feed a high‐concentrate diet prior to slaughter. Returning cows to a nourished state (realimentation) will result in compensatory growth as evident by heavier live weights (Swingle et al. 1979; Cranwell et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realimentation of Cull Beef Cows. I. Live Performance, Carcass Traits and Muscle Characteristics

Holmer¹,

Homm²,

Berger³

et al. 2009

Journal of Muscle Foods

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The objective of this study was to determine whether culled beef cows fed a high-concentrate diet (FED) would have improved live performance, carcass traits and muscle characteristics compared with forage fed (CON) cows. In addition, ractopamine (RAC) supplementation was evaluated for added benefits over high concentrate alone. Live weight, average daily gain, hot carcass weight, ribeye area, marbling, quality grade and carcass fat measurements increased (P Յ 0.05) by realimentation. As a percent of hot carcass weight, muscle yields did not differ (P > 0.05). Lipid content increased (P Յ 0.05) in 5 out of the 10 muscles from FED cows. Cows fed ractopamine showed some numeric improvements over feeding alone, but few statistical differences (P > 0.05). This may result from variability associated with cull cows, and warrants investigation into the best dose/duration for ractopamine. However, realimentation by itself was able to improve cull cow quality. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONThe U.S. beef industry continues to explore new avenues to enhance undervalued sectors of the production system. Through realimentation, cull cow quality can be improved. The data presented herein demonstrate that feeding a high-concentrate diet to cull cows increases both live and carcass 3 Corresponding author.

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Realimentation of Cull Range Cows. I. Effect of Final Body Condition and Dietary Energy Level on Rate, Efficiency and Composition of Gains

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of pre‐slaughter nutritional condition on intramuscular collagen solubility, pyridinoline cross‐links and meat tenderness in aged goats

Effects of pre‐slaughter nutritional condition on intramuscular collagen solubility, pyridinoline cross‐links and meat tenderness in aged goats

Effects of duration of zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of grain-fed cull cows

Realimentation of Cull Beef Cows. I. Live Performance, Carcass Traits and Muscle Characteristics

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