Reality monitoring in recovering alcoholics.

Burnett, Loring; Marshall, Philip H.; Bell, Robinette

doi:10.15288/jsa.1996.57.210

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Prior studies had somewhat limited results, however this study differed from them in several ways. The alcoholic SOURCE MONITORING 813 patients in this sample had a signi®cant history of alcoholism (mean 22 years) and exhibited cognitive impairments on neuropsychological testing, whereas prior studies included alcoholic patients who had a brief abusive drinking history (Burnett et al, 1996), or who were unusually bright and cognitively intact (Weingartner et al, 1994). Thus, it may be that source monitoring de®cits are associated with long-term alcoholism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two investigations reported to date have both involved unusual samples of alcoholic patients. In one study, the alcoholic participants were young and had a short alcoholic drinking history of 5 years (Burnett, Marshall, & Bell, 1996). The task looked at one aspect of source monitoring, namely the ability to remember whether or not stimuli were internally or externally generated, a phenomenon known as reality monitoring (Johnson & Raye, 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Source Monitoring in Alcoholism

Schwartz

Parker²,

Deutsch³

et al. 2002

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Recent research on the neural bases of source memory suggests that this type of memory is relevant to the neuropsychological assessment of neurobehavioral disorders. Source memory refers to the ability to discriminate the origin or source of information (e.g., did I think of the idea or did I read about it). We examined source monitoring in abstinent alcoholic patients (N = 53) and nonalcoholic controls (N = 34) and report significant impairments in the alcoholic patients' ability to remember the source of recently presented information. Decrements in source memory were uncorrelated with alcoholic patients' neuropsychological deficits on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test or the Benton Facial Recognition Test. Using qualitative measures of brain CT scans in a subsample of 39 alcoholic patients, we found that source memory was correlated with Sylvian fissure ratings in the left hemisphere. We propose that source memory decrements are another area of neuropsychological functioning affected in chronic alcoholism. Tasks of source memory may offer the neuropsychologist a valuable new tool for evaluating cognitive functions in neurobehavioral disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Monitoring in Alcoholism

Schwartz

Parker²,

Deutsch³

et al. 2002

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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“…To assess memory performance, we created a memory test that was adapted from validated memory paradigms in the literature (Burnett, Marshall, & Bell, 2015;Guo et al, 2006). The test evaluated participants' recognition memory of words and source memory of images for both food-related and non-food related items and consisted of a study phase followed 48-hours later by a test phase.…”

Section: Memory Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodic memory differences in individuals with restrictive eating patterns

Kindel¹,

Walker²

2022

Preprint

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Recent research has identified a relationship between episodic memory and appetite, suggesting that poor episodic memory results in overconsumption. Despite support for this relationship in healthy and overweight populations, there have been no studies, to our knowledge, that have investigated a role for episodic memory in populations that under eat (restrictive eaters). Moreover, previous studies in this area have not examined the cognitive and environmental factors that could influence episodic memory strength and therefore serve as a mediator for eating behavior. Here, we investigated the effect of both pre-existing and experimentally induced restrictive mindsets on episodic memory for food and non-food items. Pre-existing restrictive eaters showed a memory bias for food-related items over non-food related items. This bias was amplified when a restrictive mindset was also experimentally induced. These findings may provide insight into how exposure to diet and weight-related information in restrictive eaters influences maladaptive eating.

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