Reality of the fundamental topological structure in the QCD vacuum

Alexandru, Andrei; Horváth, I.; Zhang, Jianbo

doi:10.1103/physrevd.72.034506

Cited by 39 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The recent Monte Carlo studies of pure glue gauge theory have revealed a laminar structure in the vacuum consisting of extended, thin, coherent, locally low-dimensional sheets of topological charge embedded in 4d space, with opposite sign sheets interleaved, see original QCD lattice results [56,[63][64][65]. A similar structure has been also observed in QCD by a different group [57] and also in two dimensional CP N −1 model [66].…”

Section: B Insights From Numerical Lattice Simulations and Holographmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The low-dimensional coherent sheets responsible for the tunnelling as explained above, carry the quantum numbers of the topological charge density GG which is P and CP odd operator. In fact, it was exactly this feature which was studied on the lattices [56,57,[63][64][65]. Therefore, the distortion of these low-dimensional coherent sheets due to the collisions lead to a local "non-cancellation" between different low-dimensional coherent sheets.…”

Section: B Terrestrial Applications: High Energy Collisions At Rhic mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The arguments were based on recent lattice results [56,57,[63][64][65] and some model considerations. We interpreted these configurations as tunnelling processes which are happening all the time in Minkowski vacuum with no interruptions [55].…”

Section: A Basic Ideamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local violation effects and thermalization in QCD: Views from quantum field theory and holography

Zhitnitsky

2012

Nuclear Physics A

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We argue that the local violation of P and CP invariance in heavy ion collisions and the universal thermal aspects observed in high energy collisions are in fact two sides of the same coin, and both are related to quantum anomalies of QCD. We argue that the low energy relations representing the quantum anomalies of QCD are saturated by coherent low dimensional vacuum configurations as observed in Monte Carlo lattice studies. The thermal spectrum and approximate universality of the temperature with no dependence on energy of colliding particles in this framework is due to the fact that the emission results from the distortion of these low dimensional vacuum sheets rather than from the colliding particles themselves. The emergence of the long-range correlations of P odd domains (a feature which is apparently required for explanation of the asymmetry observed at RHIC and LHC) is also a result of the same distortion of the QCD vacuum configurations. We formulate the corresponding physics using the effective low energy effective Lagrangian. We also formulate the same physics in terms of the dual holographic picture when low-dimensional sheets of topological charge embedded in 4d space, as observed in Monte Carlo simulations, are identified with D2 branes. Finally, we argue that study of these long range correlations in heavy ion collisions could serve as a perfect test of a proposal that the observed dark energy in present epoch is a result of a tiny deviation of the QCD vacuum energy in expanding universe from its conventional value in Minkowski spacetime.

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Section: B Insights From Numerical Lattice Simulations and Holographmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: B Terrestrial Applications: High Energy Collisions At Rhic mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Local violation effects and thermalization in QCD: Views from quantum field theory and holography

Zhitnitsky

2012

Nuclear Physics A

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“…These scenarios in turn are usually based on one particular type of excitations, like vortices [191], monopoles [330,332], merons [331,333], and others [334,335]. From this non-exhaustive list it is evident that not even the underlying dimensionality of the relevant structure is yet decided.…”

Section: Relations To Topological Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gauge bosons at zero and finite temperature

2013

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Gauge theories of the Yang-Mills type are the single most important building block of the standard model of particle physics and beyond. They are an integral part of the strong and weak interactions, and in their Abelian version of electromagnetism. Since Yang-Mills theories are gauge theories their elementary particles, the gauge bosons, cannot be described without fixing a gauge. Therefore, to obtain their properties a quantized and gauge-fixed setting is necessary.Beyond perturbation theory, gauge-fixing in non-Abelian gauge theories is obstructed by the Gribov-Singer ambiguity, which requires the introduction of non-local constraints. The construction and implementation of a method-independent gauge-fixing prescription to resolve this ambiguity is the single most important first step to describe gauge bosons beyond perturbation theory. Proposals for such a procedure, generalizing the perturbative Landau gauge, are described here. Their implementation are discussed for two example methods, lattice gauge theory and the quantum equations of motion.After gauge-fixing, it is possible to study gauge bosons in detail. The most direct access is provided by their correlation functions. The corresponding two-and three-point correlation functions are presented at all energy scales. These give access to the properties of the gauge bosons, like their absence from the asymptotic physical state space, particle-like properties at high energies, and the running coupling. Furthermore, auxiliary degrees of freedom are introduced during gauge-fixing, and their properties are discussed as well. These results are presented for two, three, and four dimensions, and for various gauge algebras.Finally, the modifications of the properties of gauge bosons at finite temperature are presented. Evidence is provided that these reflect the phase structure of Yang-Mills theory. However, it is found that the phase transition is not deconfining the gauge bosons, although the bulk thermodynamical behavior is of a Stefan-Boltzmann type. The resolution of this apparent contradiction is also presented. In addition, this resolution provides an explicit and constructive solution to the Linde problem.Thus, the technical and conceptual framework presented here can be taken as a basis how to determine correlation functions in Yang-Mills theory, therefore opening up the avenue to investigate theories of direct practical relevance. The status of this effort will be briefly described, alongside with connections to other approaches to Yang-Mills theory beyond perturbation theory.

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“…The small value for low cutoffs in q implies that the 2 dominating clusters are tangled and intertwined in a complex way. A preliminary dimensional analysis indicates that we are rediscovering for the full density the picture of 2 dominating approximately 3D sign coherent clusters [8,9] at low cutoffs also at finite T , whereas we see 1D highly charged small clusters at high thresholds. This picture means that the QCD vacuum model with 4D coherent (anti)instantons with a typical instanton radius of 0.3 − 0.4 fm is strongly modified by quantum fluctuations.…”

Section: Pos(lat2005)171mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the chiral phase transition of N_f=2 clover fermions with valence overlap fermions

Weinberg¹,

Ilgenfritz²,

Koller³

et al. 2005

Proceedings of XXIIIrd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory — PoS(LAT2005)

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Overlap fermions are a powerful tool for investigating the chiral and topological structure of the vacuum and the thermal states of QCD. We study various chiral and topological aspects of the finite temperature phase transition of N f = 2 flavours of O(a) improved Wilson fermions, using valence overlap fermions as a probe. Particular emphasis is placed upon the analysis of the spectral density and the localisation properties of the eigenmodes as well as on the local structure of topological charge fluctuations in the vicinity of the chiral phase transition. The calculations are done on 16 3 × 8 lattices generated by the DIK collaboration.

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Reality of the fundamental topological structure in the QCD vacuum

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Local violation effects and thermalization in QCD: Views from quantum field theory and holography

Local violation effects and thermalization in QCD: Views from quantum field theory and holography

Gauge bosons at zero and finite temperature

Probing the chiral phase transition of N_f=2 clover fermions with valence overlap fermions

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