Realization of tunable plasma Lieb lattice in dielectric barrier discharges

Abstract

Lieb lattice has been proved to host various extraordinary properties due to its unique Dirac-flat band structure. However, the realization of tunable Lieb lattices with controllable configurations still remains a significant challenge. We demonstrate the first realization of a robust and tailorable plasma Lieb lattice in dielectric barrier discharges by use of uniquely designed mesh-water electrodes. Fast reconfiguration between square lattice, Lieb lattice, and various Lieb superlattices has been achieved in a wide range of discharge parameters even in ambient air. An active control on the symmetry, size, and fine structures of plasma elements in Lieb lattices is realized. Three distinct discharge stages in plasma Lieb lattice are proposed on the basis of fast camera diagnostics. The Dirac-flat band structure of plasma Lieb lattice is demonstrated. An experimental verification of the photonic band gap for Lieb lattice is provided. Moreover, the Gierer-Meinhardt reaction diffusion model with spatial modulations is established to simulate the formation of different Lieb lattices. Experimental observations and numerical simulations are in good agreement. The results provide an important step forward in the ongoing effort to realize tunable Lieb Lattices, which may find promising applications in the manipulation of microwaves.

Compact localized states in magnonic Lieb lattices

“…We are going to show that this weakly dispersive band supports the existence of CLS. Therefore, we will still refer to it as flat band , which is a common practice for different kinds of realization of Lieb lattices in electronics 26 , photonics 55 or optical lattices 28 .…”

Spatiotemporally controllable honeycomb superlattice plasma photonic crystals in dielectric barrier discharge

“…It introduces a two-dimensional Laplacian electric field to provide a constrained symmetry and lattice constant of the plasma lattices, which is key for yielding controllable and stable PPCs. If the structure of the mesh electrode has changed, the symmetry of plasma structures will be varied correspondingly [24]. The left liquid electrode is fabricated by filling water into a cylindrical vessel with diameter D = 7.5 cm.…”

“…Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is one of the most significant systems to realize PPCs. A variety of plasma lattices such as square, hexagonal, and annular lattices have been obtained in DBD by using very simple device [16,[24][25][26]. The high nonlinearity of the system facilitates the rich diversity of the lattices [27].…”

“…The high nonlinearity of the system facilitates the rich diversity of the lattices [27]. Besides, rapid reconfiguration between different PPCs is allowed in DBD by readily modulating the lattice constant, electron density, or structural configurations [16,[24][25][26][27]. Only a few seconds are required for the reconfiguration by virtue of the short ionization and recombination time scales in plasmas.…”

Reconfigurable (4, 62) and (4, 82) Archimedean plasma photonic crystals in dielectric barrier discharge

“…As a tunable PC, it allows for fast reconfiguration and real-time control of the photonic bands. So far, different proposals have been proposed to realize PPCs, via artificial array of gas discharge tubes [15,16], by microplasma assemblies [17], by embedding dielectric arrays into plasma background [18,19], or via self-organization of discharge filaments as we previously reported [20][21][22]. More recently, novel layered structures combining the photonic crystal and the nonlinear plasmas have been suggested, which opened up a new way to produce tunable PPCs [23][24][25].…”