Realized Fecundity in Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): Relation to Body Size and Consequences to Population Dynamics

Tammaru, Toomas; Kaitaniemi, Pekka; Ruohomäki, Kai

doi:10.2307/3545931

Cited by 158 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…From an adaptive standpoint, the patterns of stoichiometric variation with body mass may be needed to fulfill the nutrients requirements of diapause, potentially increasing their fitness. According to our results and some published literatures (Tammaru et al 1996, Wheeler et al 2000, Rivero et al 2001, O'Brien et al 2002, Telfer and Pan 2003, Calvo and Molina 2005, we speculate that the high C:N in larval storage implies that holometabolous insects retain more lipid for survival. For the low C:N and C:S in larval storage, reflecting consumer sequestered more sulfur protein for metamorphosis and reproduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

The relationship between body mass and elemental composition in nymphs of the grasshopper Schistocerca americana

Boswell

Provin

Behmer

2008

Journal of Orthoptera Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

The relationship between body mass and elemental composition in nymphs of the grasshopper Schistocerca americana

Boswell

Provin

Behmer

2008

Journal of Orthoptera Research

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“…Pupal mass correlates strongly with the potential and realised fecundity of E. autumnata (Haukioja and Neuvonen 1985;Tammaru et al 1996). We used the following equation: eggs/ female = A101.9 + 2.93´female pupal weight (mg) (Tammaru et al 1996). Thus, egg production index = [proportion of larvae found´(A101.9 + 2.93´pupal weight)]/2.…”

Section: Data Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An estimate of egg production per enclosing female assuming no mortality from parasitism. Pupal mass correlates strongly with the potential and realised fecundity of E. autumnata (Haukioja and Neuvonen 1985;Tammaru et al 1996). We used the following equation: eggs/ female = A101.9 + 2.93´female pupal weight (mg) (Tammaru et al 1996).…”

Section: Data Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of moth larvae on birch in relation to altitude, climate, host quality and parasitoids

Virtanen

Neuvonen

1999

Oecologia

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We studied topographical and year-to-year variation in the performance (pupal weights, survival) and larval parasitism of Epirrita autumnata larvae feeding on mountain birch in northernmost Finland in 1993±1996. We found dierences in both food plant quality and parasitism between sites ranging from 80 m to 320 m above sea level. Variation in food plant quality had particularly marked eects on larval survival. The advanced phenology of the birches in relation to the start of the larval period reduced pupal weights. Parasitism rates were dierent between years and between sites. The clearest site dierences were in the proportions of dierent parasitoid species: Eulophus larvarum was most abundant at the lowest-altitude sites, and Cotesia jucunda at the highest. Dierences in the performance of E. autumnata were related to temperature conditions: at higher temperatures, survival and the egg production index were lower, and larval parasitism was higher than at lower temperatures. The higher parasitism at higher temperatures was probably due to greater parasitoid activity during warmer days. In the comparison of dierent sources of spatial and annual variation in the performance of E. autumnata, the most important factor appeared to be egg mortality related to minimum winter temperature, followed by parasitism and, ®nally, the variation in food plant quality. If, as predicted, the climate gradually warms up, the eects of warmer summers on the outbreaks of E. autumnata suggest a decrease in outbreak intensity.

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“…Thus, the final size of an insect is often determined by larval population density, which determines the final larval size. Hence, competition for food among larvae that develop at different densities affects pupal size and fecundity (Jones et al, 1982;Hon k, 1993;Tammaru et al, 1996). Numerous studies on the effects of the stress of larval crowding have demonstrated both direct and indirect effects on the performance of Lepidoptera.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of larval crowding on the life history traits of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Fantinou¹,

Perdikis²,

Stamogiannis³

2008

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. This study determined the effect of larval density-dependent competition for food on development and adult fitness in Sesamia nonagriodes Lef. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Different numbers (5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 individuals) of larvae of the pink stalk borer were reared on a constant amount of food. Although crowding during the immature stages did not significantly increase mortality, it prolonged the larval developmental period and resulted in reduced pupal weight. Females were more adversely affected by high density than males, resulting in lighter females, indicating that female growth is more sensitive to density. The fecundity of the adults reared in the various larval crowding treatments was analysed. Total female fecundity was correlated negatively with increasing larval density. The effects of crowding on fecundity were not caused by the reduced pupal weight, indicating that food shortage during larval development may affect adult traits. Female longevity was negatively affected by density and positively related to pupal weight. Thus, larval density may affect the allocation of food resources and adult fitness. We conclude that crowding related changes during larval development directly affect larval life and reduce female fitness.

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Realized Fecundity in Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): Relation to Body Size and Consequences to Population Dynamics

Cited by 158 publications

References 23 publications

The relationship between body mass and elemental composition in nymphs of the grasshopper Schistocerca americana

The relationship between body mass and elemental composition in nymphs of the grasshopper Schistocerca americana

Performance of moth larvae on birch in relation to altitude, climate, host quality and parasitoids

Effect of larval crowding on the life history traits of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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