Reanalysis and New Measurements of N2 and CH4 Adsorption on Ice and Snow

Dominé, Florent; Chaix, Laurent; Hanot, Laurence

doi:10.1006/jcis.2000.6883

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[9] Because DQ CH4,stainlesssteel is much lower than DQ CH4,snow , uncorrected measurements yield a lower value of DQ CH4,snow . This effect is of course more important for samples with a low surface area, and without correction, DQ CH4, snow is an increasing function of the surface area of the snow sample, tending asymptotically toward the true DQ CH4,snow value, as observed by Dominé et al [2000]. After correction, the correlation between DQ CH4,snow and surface area disappears, and there is just more scatter of DQ CH4,snow values at low surface areas, around a mean value DQ CH4,snow ± 1s = 2540 ± 200 J mol À1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

A parameterization of the specific surface area of seasonal snow for field use and for models of snowpack evolution

Dominé¹,

Taillandier²,

Simpson³

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

155

192

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] The specific surface area (SSA) of snow is needed to model air-snow exchange of chemical species. SSA is related to many snow physical properties, such as albedo and permeability. However, it is not described in models of snowpack evolution, in part because it is difficult to measure. Snowpack models often predict snow grain shape and snow density, and the goal of this paper is to propose parameterizations of snow SSA, based on snow density and grain shape. SSA values of 345 snow samples from snowpacks of the Alpine, maritime, tundra and taiga types are presented. Samples are regrouped into three main types: fresh (F), recent (R), and aged (A) snows, with several subtypes referring to grain shapes. Overall, there is a clear inverse correlation between SSA and density, d. Empirical equations of the form SSA = A ln(d) + B are proposed for the F and R types. For aged snows, separate correlations are proposed for subtypes A1 (rounded grains), A2 (faceted crystals), A3 (depth hoar), and A4 (lightly melted snow). Within subtypes A1, A2, and A3, more elaborate classifications are made by considering the snowpack type (Alpine, taiga, or tundra). For A1, A2, and A3 types, different trends are related to different intensities of wind action, which increases in the order taiga, Alpine, and tundra. We finally propose three parameterizations of snow SSA with increasing sophistication, by correlating SSA to snow type, then to snow type and density, and finally to snow type, density, and snowpack type.Citation: Domine, F., A.-S. Taillandier, and W. R. Simpson (2007), A parameterization of the specific surface area of seasonal snow for field use and for models of snowpack evolution,

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

A parameterization of the specific surface area of seasonal snow for field use and for models of snowpack evolution

Dominé¹,

Taillandier²,

Simpson³

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

155

192

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The slope and intercept of a function, Y = f ( P CH4 / P 0 ), of the chamber pressure, P CH4 , relative to the saturating vapor pressure of methane at 77 K, P 0 (1294 Pa) yield the surface area of the sample occupied by a monolayer of methane molecules, which have a cross‐sectional area of σ m = 1.918 × 10 −19 m 2 [ Chaix et al , 1996]. In the analysis, the net heat of adsorption of methane on snow Δ Q CH4,snow is also derived from the slope and intercept of the linear function Y = f ( P CH4 / P 0 ) and can be used to assess the reliability of the surface area measurement [ Dominé et al , 2000]. Acceptance of an incorrect Δ Q CH4,snow produces errors in surface area, and thus agreement on Δ Q CH4,snow is critical for comparisons of SSA from different researchers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acceptance of an incorrect Δ Q CH4,snow produces errors in surface area, and thus agreement on Δ Q CH4,snow is critical for comparisons of SSA from different researchers. Experimentally determined values of Δ Q CH4 have ranged from 1919 ± 35 J mol −1 [ Chaix et al , 1996], 2195 J mol −1 [ Hanot and Dominé , 1999], 2100 ± 150 J mol −1 [ Dominé et al , 2000], and 2240 ± 200 J mol −1 [ Legagneux et al , 2002] to 2450 ± 200 J mol −1 [ Dominé et al , 2005]. This last value was associated with the discovery of the influence of methane adsorption on the walls of the stainless steel (ss) sample container, Δ Q CH4,ss = 1300 J mol −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frost flower surface area and chemistry as a function of salinity and temperature

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Frost flowers play a role in air-ice exchange in polar regions, contribute to tropospheric halogen chemistry, and affect ice core interpretation. Frost flowers were observed and collected on the Hudson Bay in March 2008. Their specific surface area (SSA) was measured using CH 4 adsorption at 77 K. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis produced SSA values between 63 and 299 cm 2 g À1 (mean 162 cm 2 g À1 , accuracy and reproducibility 5%). This range is very similar to that of Dominé et al. (2005) but our correlation of results with growth time and chemistry reveals the factors responsible for the wide range of SSA values. Longer growth time leads to higher SSA at low temperatures, so frost flowers are more likely to affect total surface area during colder periods. Chemical analysis was performed on frost flower melt and on local seawater and brine. We examined salinity and sulfate and bromide enrichment. The relationship between growth time and salinity varied spatially because of a freshwater plume from a nearby river and of tidal effects at the coast. Enrichment of certain ions in frost flowers, which affects their contribution to atmospheric chemistry, depends heavily on location, growth time, and temperature. No significant enrichment or depletion of bromide was detected. The low surface area index of frost flowers plus their lack of destruction in wind suggest their direct effect on sea salt mobilization and halogen chemistry may be less than previously thought, but their ability to salinate wind-blown snow may increase their indirect importance.

show abstract

“…Research into the adsorption of gaseous impurities on ice and snow has been carried out in laboratory studies by many groups ͑Clapsaddle and Lamb, 1989; Valdez et al, 1989;Mitra et al, 1990;Conklin and Bales, 1993;Chen and Crutzen, 1994;Tabazadeh et al, 1999;Domine et al, 2000;Huthwelker et al, 2001Huthwelker et al, , 2004Cho et al, 2002;Boxe et al, 2003;Khvorostyanov and Curry, 2004;Sadtchenko et al, 2004͒. Particular emphasis is on the uptake of SO 2 , which is a significant component of volcanic emissions and of the combustion of fossil fuels.…”

Section: Ice Core Climate Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The surface of ice exhibits the swath of phase-transition phenomena common to all materials and as such it acts as an ideal test bed of both theory and experiment. It is readily available, transparent, optically birefringent, and probing it in the laboratory does not require cryogenics or ultrahigh vacuum apparatus. Systematic study reveals the range of critical phenomena, equilibrium and nonequilibrium phase-transitions, and, most relevant to this review, premelting, that are traditionally studied in more simply bound solids. While this makes investigation of ice as a material appealing from the perspective of the physicist, its ubiquity and importance in the natural environment also make ice compelling to a broad range of disciplines in the Earth and planetary sciences. In this review we describe the physics of the premelting of ice and its relationship with the behavior of other materials more familiar to the condensed-matter community. A number of the many tendrils of the basic phenomena as they play out on land, in the oceans, and throughout the atmosphere and biosphere are developed.

show abstract

Reanalysis and New Measurements of N2 and CH4 Adsorption on Ice and Snow

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

A parameterization of the specific surface area of seasonal snow for field use and for models of snowpack evolution

A parameterization of the specific surface area of seasonal snow for field use and for models of snowpack evolution

Frost flower surface area and chemistry as a function of salinity and temperature

The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About