Rearing the Maize Weevil,<i>Sitophilus zeamais</i>, on an Artificial Maize—Cassava Diet

Ojo, James Adebayo; Omoloye, A. A.

doi:10.1673/031.012.6901

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…S. zeamais is so devastating and capable of multiplxying to large populations, causing tremendous damage to the stored grain (Cosmas et al, 2012). It has been estimated that 5-30 % of the total grain weight of the stored product is lost due to infection by S. zeamais (Ojo and Omoloye, 2012). Other studies cite as high as 80 % loss may occur in untreated maize grain stored in traditional structures (Tefera et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Maize Weevil (Sitophilus Zeamais)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²

2015

2015 ASABE International Meeting

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Agriculture is the backbone of Tanzanian economy. It accounts for about one-third of the gross domestic product (GDP), provides 85 percent of all exports and saves as a livelihood to over 80 percent of the total population. Maize is the primary staple crop; it's grown in nearly all agro-ecological zones in the country. Tanzania is a major maize producer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the last four decades, Tanzania has ranked among the top 25 maize producing countries in the world. In the 2013/14 growing seasons Tanzania produced over half billion metric tons of maize of these maize smallholder farmers produced around 85%. Despite the steady production of maize over the past three decades, post-harvest losses of maize remained significant, up to 30-40 % in some rural areas. Post-harvest handling, poor infrastructure, weather variability, biotic factors such as insects and pests, bacteria, pathogens, viruses, and fungi, often aggravate such losses. Mycotoxin producing fungi pose a major risk. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that frequently contaminate the maize in the field and/or during storage. Mycotoxin contamination of maize poses a health risk to humans and animals if not properly managed. The most important mycotoxins in Tanzania are the aflatoxins, fumonisins and Ochratoxin. The objective of this paper was to review current literature on the production trends, consumption, post-harvest losses, and mycotoxins contamination of maize and to provide strategies to control and prevent postharvest losses and mycotoxins contamination in Tanzania. Agriculture is the backbone of Tanzanian economy. It accounts for about one-third of the gross domestic product (GDP), provides 85 percent of all exports and saves as a livelihood to over 80 percent of the total population. Maize is the primary staple crop; it's grown in nearly all agro-ecological zones in the country. Tanzania is a major maize producer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the last four decades, Tanzania has ranked among the top 25 maize producing countries in the world. In the 2013/14 growing seasons Tanzania produced over half billion metric tons of maize of these maize smallholder farmers produced around 85%. Despite the steady production of maize over the past three decades, post-harvest losses of maize remained significant, up to 30-40 % in some rural areas. Post-harvest handling, poor infrastructure, weather variability, biotic factors such as insects and pests, bacteria, pathogens, viruses, and fungi, often aggravate such losses. Mycotoxin producing fungi pose a major risk. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that frequently contaminate the maize in the field and/or during storage. Mycotoxin contamination of maize poses a health risk to humans and animals if not properly managed. The most important mycotoxins in Tanzania are the aflatoxins, fumonisins and Ochratoxin. The objective of this paper was to review current literature on the production trends, consumption, post-harvest losses, and mycotoxins contamination of mai...

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Section: The Maize Weevil (Sitophilus Zeamais)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²

2015

2015 ASABE International Meeting

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“…It is estimated that 14 -50% of the maize produced in developing countries is lost during storage (Ojo and Omoloye 2012). To avoid the risk of low quality grain and high grain losses during storage forces smallholder farmers to sell surplus grain immediately after harvest at low prices (Gitonga et al 2013;Yigesu et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effect of Hermetic Bag and Insect Resistant Variety for the Control of Larger Grain Borer and Maize Weevil in Stored Maize

Likhayo¹,

Tefera²,

Mugo³

et al. 2015

IJSR

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“…It is estimated that 14% to 50% of the total corn produced each season in developing countries is lost due to insect infestation, compared to only 1% to 2% in developed countries (Ojo and Omoloye 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult female S. zeamais cause damage by boring into the kernel and laying eggs (ovipositing). Then, larvae and pupae eat the inner parts of the kernel, resulting in a damaged kernel and reduced grain weight (Ojo and Omoloye 2012). Apart from weight losses, the feeding damage caused by weevils leads to severe reductions in nutritive and economic values, reduced seed viability, as well as contamination by chemical excretions (silk) and insect fragments (Ukeh et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Flint Corn Naturally Resistant to Maize Weevil Infestation?

Suleiman¹,

Williams²,

Nissen³

et al. 2014

2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting

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Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) is one of the most destructive pests of maize stored in tropical and subtropical regions. This study determined the resistance of flint corn and dent corn to infestation by S. zeamais (Motschulsky), the maize weevil. Improved King Philip hybrid flint corn and Fontanelle 6T-510 hybrid dent corn were used in this experiment. Two temperature conditions (10 °C and 27 °C) and two storage times (15 days and 30 days) were used. Results showed that flint corn was more resistant to insect damage than dent corn at 27 °C and 30 day storage time. After 30 days storage time and 27 ºC death rate was significantly higher in flint corn (R2 = 0.945) compared to (R2 = 0.634) in dent corn. Damaged seed was 10% higher in dent corn then in flint corn at 27 ºC and 30 days. However, no significant difference was observed for seed weight loss between flint corn and dent corn at the same storage conditions. Both dent and flint corn are extensively cultivated in developing countries. It appears that storage of flint corn may be one promising solution to reducing corn damage and infestation problems in the tropics and in developing countries, but more research is needed.

show abstract

Rearing the Maize Weevil,Sitophilus zeamais, on an Artificial Maize—Cassava Diet

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Combined Effect of Hermetic Bag and Insect Resistant Variety for the Control of Larger Grain Borer and Maize Weevil in Stored Maize

Is Flint Corn Naturally Resistant to Maize Weevil Infestation?

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