Rearrangements in the Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

Gilman, Henry; Meals, R. N.

doi:10.1021/jo01190a003

“…The preparation procedure of 3-phenyltetradecane sulfonate. Reagents and conditions of Scheme 1: a. SOCl 2 , 80 C; b. Benzene, AlCl 3 , 80 C; c. CH 3 CH 2 MgBr, Ether; d. Dilute Hydrochloric acid; e. Acetic acid, P, I 2 , H 2 O, 60 C; f. Chlorosulfonic acid, 10 C; g. NaOH, 70 C (Englert et al, 1953;Gilman and Meals, 1943;Price, 1953;Rosenberg et al, 1960).…”

Section: The Preparation Of 3-phenyltetradecane Sulfonate and 5-phenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenyltetradecane Sulfonate Isomers for Studying Interfacial Tensions

Zhang¹,

Qiao²,

Li³

2005

Issues in Mental Hlth. Nursing

0

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3-Phenyltetradecane sulfonate (3-isomer) and 5-phenyltetradecane sulfonate (5-isomer) were synthesized according to the method described in this article. Together with 1-phenyltetradecane sulfonate (1-isomer), their interfacial tension behavior was investigated under n-octane as oil phase. The sequence of interfacial activity of the three isomers is as follows: 1-isomer <3-isomer < 5-isomer. The concept of buffering energy was proposed for interpreting the interfacial activity of different structures of surfactants. No minima of interfacial tensions were presented during the surfactant concentration range of investigation. The minima of interfacial tensions for 1-isomer, 3-isomer, and 5-isomer appeared at the alkalinities of about 1.8, 2.1, and 3.0%, respectively. The dynamic interfacial tensions were also researched, and minima of dynamic interfacial tensions were not observed during the measurement process.

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“…Reagents and conditions of Scheme 1: a. SOCl 2 , 80 C; b. Benzene, AlCl 3 , 80 C; c. CH 3 CH 2 MgBr, Ether; d. Dilute Hydrochloric acid; e. Acetic acid, P, I 2 , H 2 O, 60 C; f. Chlorosulfonic acid, 10 C; g. NaOH, 70 C (Englert et al, 1953;Gilman and Meals, 1943;Price, 1953;Rosenberg et al, 1960). Downloaded by [University of Cambridge] at 07:26 13 June 2016 Scheme 1.…”

Section: The Preparation Of 3-phenyltetradecane Sulfonate and 5-phenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenyltetradecane Sulfonate Isomers for Studying Interfacial Tensions

Zhang

¹

,

Qiao

²

,

Li

³

2005

Petroleum Science and Technology

0

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3-Phenyltetradecane sulfonate (3-isomer) and 5-phenyltetradecane sulfonate (5-isomer) were synthesized according to the method described in this article. Together with 1-phenyltetradecane sulfonate (1-isomer), their interfacial tension behavior was investigated under n-octane as oil phase. The sequence of interfacial activity of the three isomers is as follows: 1-isomer <3-isomer < 5-isomer. The concept of buffering energy was proposed for interpreting the interfacial activity of different structures of surfactants. No minima of interfacial tensions were presented during the surfactant concentration range of investigation. The minima of interfacial tensions for 1-isomer, 3-isomer, and 5-isomer appeared at the alkalinities of about 1.8, 2.1, and 3.0%, respectively. The dynamic interfacial tensions were also researched, and minima of dynamic interfacial tensions were not observed during the measurement process.

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“…• H 2 SO 4 : with 2-methyl-2-butene, 6,7 3-methyl-1-butene, 4 any of three branched pentenes at 0°C, 2 neopentyl alcohol; 1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• over AlCl 3 : with 3-methyl-1-butene at 21°C, 4,7 2-methyl-2-butene, 6 2-chloro-2-methylbutane, 5 and 1-chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane at 0°C. 1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory and Practice of Alkyl Aromatic Hydrocarbon Synthesis. 1. Branched Alkylbenzenes

Naumkin

¹

,

Nesterova

²

,

Nesterov

³

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

2

0

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The alkylation of benzene, toluene, ortho-xylene and biphenyl was carried out over aluminum halides and ion-exchange resin Amberlyst 36 Dry with use of branched C 5 alkylating agents.Tertiary product selectivity is related to a catalytic system of aluminum halides with reduced activity or ion-exchange resin Amberlyst 36 Dry. High selectivity of branched secondary products is provided by an equilibrium condition. The equilibrium in a liquid phase of positional and structural isomerization, and transalkylation at 303 -363 K was studied. The prediction method of an isomerization equilibrium was recommended for C 5 branched alkylbenzenes.

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Rearrangements in the Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Phenyltetradecane Sulfonate Isomers for Studying Interfacial Tensions

Phenyltetradecane Sulfonate Isomers for Studying Interfacial Tensions

Phenyltetradecane Sulfonate Isomers for Studying Interfacial Tensions

Theory and Practice of Alkyl Aromatic Hydrocarbon Synthesis. 1. Branched Alkylbenzenes

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