Reasoning about Commitments in the Event Calculus: An Approach for Specifying and Executing Protocols

Yolum, Pınar; Singh, Munindar P.

doi:10.1023/b:amai.0000034528.55456.d9

Cited by 103 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Commitment protocols have been formalised in various ways, giving different types of semantics to the concept of commitment. Yolum and Singh [81,82], for instance, have specified commitment protocols with the use of a subset of Shanahan's 'full version' of Event Calculus (EC) [65] -in this case NetBill was the running example. All 'operations' on commitments -creating, discharging, cancelling, releasing, delegating, assigning commitments -were formalised with the use of EC axioms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executable specification of open multi-agent systems

Artikis

Sergot

2009

Logic Journal of IGPL

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Abstract. Multi-agent systems where the agents are developed by parties with competing interests, and where there is no access to an agent's internal state, are often classified as 'open'. The members of such systems may inadvertently fail to, or even deliberately choose not to, conform to the system specification. Consequently, it is necessary to specify the normative relations that may exist between the members, such as permission, obligation, and institutional power. We present a framework being developed for executable specification of open multi-agent systems. We adopt a bird's eye view of these systems, as opposed to an agent's perspective whereby it reasons about how it should act. This paper is devoted to the presentation of various examples from the NetBill protocol formalised in terms of institutional power, permission and obligation. We express the system specification in the Event Calculus and execute the specification by means of a logic programming implementation. We also give several example formalisations of sanctions for dealing with violations of permissions and obligations. We distinguish between an open multi-agent system and the procedure by which an agent enters and leaves the system. We present examples from the specification of a role-management protocol for NetBill, and demonstrate the interplay between such a protocol and the corresponding multi-agent system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executable specification of open multi-agent systems

Artikis

Sergot

2009

Logic Journal of IGPL

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“…A common usage of this term is in the sense of an obligation directed from one agent to another. In this paper we review the work of Singh and colleagues [7,9,11,12,51,52,56,59] on the so-called commitment protocols.…”

Section: Commitment Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yolum and Singh [58,59] have specified commitment protocols with the use of a subset of Shanahan's 'full version' of Event Calculus (EC) [44]. All the 'operations' on commitments -creating, discharging, cancelling, releasing, delegating, assigning commitments -are formalised with the use of EC axioms.…”

Section: Commitment Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specifying Open Agent Systems: A Survey

Artikis

Pitt

2009

Engineering Societies in the Agents World IX

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Abstract. Electronic markets, dispute resolution and negotiation protocols are three types of application domain that can be viewed as open agent systems. Members of such systems are developed by different parties and have conflicting goals. Consequently, they may choose not to, or simply fail to, conform to the norms governing their interactions. It has been argued that many practical applications in the future will be realised in terms of open agent systems of this sort. Not surprisingly, recently there is a growing interest in open systems. In this paper we review and compare four approaches for the specification of open systems, pointing out the extent to which they satisfy a set of requirements identified in the literature.

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“…When condition becomes true, the commitment C is discharged [11,9] that is the conditions is made to hold. A conditional commitment adds into the picture a pre-condition in order to create the commitment itself.…”

Section: Commitmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To allow exception prediction, we develop an approach based on participants' commitments to each other [9,10]. Each commitment between participants is broken down into smaller commitments and are placed in an AND/OR graph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Exceptions in Agent-Based Supply-Chains

Özkohen

Yolum

2006

Engineering Societies in the Agents World VI

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Abstract. Exceptions occur frequently in supply-chains. Consequently, detecting exceptions timely is of great practical value. To enable a timely detection of exceptions, this paper develops an agent-based model for supply-chains. The participants are modeled as autonomous agents that can reason about their interactions and communicate with other agents. The communications of the agents create and manipulate commitments. Violation of commitments leads to exceptions. We provide two methods for detecting such violations. First one uses an AND/OR tree to break down a commitment into smaller commitments and to decide on violation when sub parts of a commitment are violated. The second one uses an ontology to predict if a commitment is going to be violated. Using both approaches jointly, we can detect exceptions in a timely manner.

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Reasoning about Commitments in the Event Calculus: An Approach for Specifying and Executing Protocols

Cited by 103 publications

References 25 publications

Executable specification of open multi-agent systems

Executable specification of open multi-agent systems

Specifying Open Agent Systems: A Survey

Predicting Exceptions in Agent-Based Supply-Chains

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