Reasoning styles and delusions in early psychosis

Broome, Marion; Brett, Caroline; Johns, Louise; Woolley, James B.; Peters, E.; Garety, P; McGuire, P.K.

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(03)80034-8

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It has been argued that this is a data-gathering bias rather than a deficit in probabilistic reasoning. This bias has been replicated widely, using various modifications of the basic paradigm, not only in people with current delusions but also more recently in people who have recovered from delusions (Peters, Day, & Garety, 1999), in people with delusion proneness in the general population (Colbert & Peters, 2002), and in people at high risk for developing a psychotic disorder (Broome et al, 2003). The jumping to conclusions bias has been found to be greater with emotionally salient task material (Dudley, John, Young, & Over, 1997a; Young & Bentall, 1997).…”

Section: General Reasoning: Jumping To Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Reasoning, Emotions, and Delusional Conviction in Psychosis.

Garety¹,

Freeman

Jolley

et al. 2005

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

395

394

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The aim of the study was to elucidate the factors contributing to the severity and persistence of delusional conviction. One hundred participants with current delusions, recruited for a treatment trial of psychological therapy (PRP trial), were assessed at baseline on measures of reasoning, emotions, and dimensions of delusional experience. Reasoning biases (belief inflexibility, jumping to conclusions, and extreme responding) were found to be present in one half of the sample. The hypothesis was confirmed that reasoning biases would be related to delusional conviction. There was evidence that belief inflexibility mediated the relationship between jumping to conclusions and delusional conviction. Emotional states were not associated with the reasoning processes investigated. Anxiety, but not depression, made an independent contribution to delusional conviction.

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Section: General Reasoning: Jumping To Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Reasoning, Emotions, and Delusional Conviction in Psychosis.

Garety¹,

Freeman

Jolley

et al. 2005

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

395

394

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“…[16][17][18] In another recent study the JTC reasoning bias was found in subjects with an ''at risk mental state'' for transition to psychosis (without delusions), as well as in subjects in their first episode of psychosis and experiencing delusions of persecution. 19 JTC was also found in a sample of patients with schizophrenia, some of them without delusions, and no correlation was found between JTC and the number and severity of delusions on an ''index of deludedness.'' 11 Taken together, the possibility of a JTC reasoning bias having the qualities of a state remains, but unmistakable evidence for at least partial characteristics of a trait emerges from studies with longitudinal, as well as cross-sectional, designs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Data Gathering: Biased in Psychosis?

Dael

Versmissen²,

Janssen³

et al. 2005

Schizophrenia Bulletin

183

149

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This study examined whether the probabilistic reasoning bias referred to as a "jumping-to-conclusions" (JTC) style of reasoning, which, according to previous research, is associated with particular psychotic symptoms such as delusions, represents a trait that can also be detected in nonpsychotic relatives of patients with schizophrenia and in nonpsychotic individuals with a high level of psychotic experiences. Participants were, in order of level of psychosis liability, 40 patients with schizophrenia or a schizoaffective disorder, 40 first-degree nonpsychotic relatives, 41 participants from the general population with above average expression of psychotic experiences, and 53 participants from the general population with an average level of psychotic experiences. A "jumping-to-conclusions" bias was assessed using the beads task. A dose-response relationship was found in the association between level of psychosis liability and JTC (defined as needing only a single bead to complete the beads task) (odds ratio [OR] linear trend = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.13-2.24), and, independently, alinear association was apparent between JTC and level of delusional ideation (OR linear trend = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.18-5.69). In addition, the association between psychosis liability and JTC was generally much stronger as the level of delusional ideation was higher. JTC is associated with liability to psychosis (trait), in particular if the psychosis phenotype is characterized by delusional ideation (state).

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“…In a longitudinal study, the data-gathering bias was found to persist even when the participants were no longer deluded (E. Peters & Garety, 2005; E. R. Peters, 2003; E. R. Peters & Garety, 1999). In another recent study, the JTC reasoning bias was found in subjects with an "at risk mental state" for transition to psychosis (without delusions), as well as in subjects in their first episode of psychosis and experiencing delusions of persecution (Broome et al, 2003). JTC was also found in a sample of patients with schizophrenia, some of them without delusions, and no correlation was found between JTC and the number and severity of delusions on an "index of deludedness" (Mortimer et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

OCD matters in psychosis

Dael¹

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Reasoning styles and delusions in early psychosis

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Reasoning, Emotions, and Delusional Conviction in Psychosis.

Reasoning, Emotions, and Delusional Conviction in Psychosis.

Data Gathering: Biased in Psychosis?

OCD matters in psychosis

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