Reassessment of the Generic Attribution ofNumidotherium savageiand the Homologies of Lower Incisors in Proboscideans

Abstract

Near the end of the twentieth century, a medium−sized early proboscidean found in Dor El

Chronology of the Eocene continental deposits of Africa: Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the El Kohol and Glib Zegdou Formations, Algeria

“…El Kohol yields Numidotherium koholense, which is among the oldest known representatives of Proboscidea (Mahboubi et al, 1984;Noubhani et al, 2008). The proboscidean from El Kohol exhibits some less derived characters than Arcanotherium sava gei and Barytherium grave from the locality of Dur At-Talah (Delmer, 2009), dated from late middle to early late Eocene (Jaeger et al, 2010a(Jaeger et al, , 2010b. Numidotherium koholense, displaying primitive cranial and postcranial anatomy, associated with a strictly lophodont dentition, is considered as an ancestral morphotype of the order (Delmer, 2009).…”

“…The proboscidean from El Kohol exhibits some less derived characters than Arcanotherium sava gei and Barytherium grave from the locality of Dur At-Talah (Delmer, 2009), dated from late middle to early late Eocene (Jaeger et al, 2010a(Jaeger et al, , 2010b. Numidotherium koholense, displaying primitive cranial and postcranial anatomy, associated with a strictly lophodont dentition, is considered as an ancestral morphotype of the order (Delmer, 2009). Eritherium, Phosphatherium, Daouitherium from the Thanetian-early Ypresian Ouled Abdoun Basin in Morocco and Numidotherium are considered as the most primitive proboscideans known (Delmer, 2009;Gheerbrant et al, 1996Gheerbrant et al, , 1998bGheerbrant et al, , 2002Gheerbrant et al, , 2005Gheerbrant, 2009).…”

“…Numidotherium koholense, displaying primitive cranial and postcranial anatomy, associated with a strictly lophodont dentition, is considered as an ancestral morphotype of the order (Delmer, 2009). Eritherium, Phosphatherium, Daouitherium from the Thanetian-early Ypresian Ouled Abdoun Basin in Morocco and Numidotherium are considered as the most primitive proboscideans known (Delmer, 2009;Gheerbrant et al, 1996Gheerbrant et al, , 1998bGheerbrant et al, , 2002Gheerbrant et al, , 2005Gheerbrant, 2009). The hyracoid Seggeurius amourensis (Crochet in Mahboubi et al, 1986;Court and Mahboubi, 1993) from El Kohol is characterized by its small size, bunodont and low-crowned teeth, and simple premolar morphology.…”

A new desmostylian mammal from Unalaska (USA) and the robust Sanjussen jaw from Hokkaido (Japan), with comments on feeding in derived desmostylids

“…The holotype of Ounalashkstylus tomidai and the referred specimens are coded as a single operational taxonomic unit (OTU). We also added Anthracobunidae as an outgroup taxon because anthracobunids were suggested to be a sister clade to Desmostylia by Delmer (2009) andCooper et al (2014). The character states of Anthracobunidae were coded as an OTU based on multiple anthracobunid specimens and taxa described in Cooper et al (2014).…”

The Eurasian occurrence of the shovel-tuskerKonobelodon(Mammalia, Proboscidea) as illuminated by its presence in the late Miocene of Pikermi (Greece)

“…All available cheek teeth are deciduous. Following Tassy (1987) and Delmer (2009), we consider the available lower tusks to be permanent (i1), representing either ontogenetically juvenile or adult individuals. Skull-The only available skull from Pikermi (AMPG PA3933/91) is that of a juvenile individual ( Fig.…”