Reassignment of consonant allophones in rapid dialect acquisition

German, James Sneed; Carlson, Katy; Pierrehumbert, Janet B.

doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2013.03.001

Cited by 38 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Other studies have shown that lexical encoding and memory are compromised for dialects that are lowstatus or non-standard, even when word recognition has not been affected (Sumner & Samuel, 2009;Clopper, Tamati, & Pierrehumbert, 2016). Turning to production, German, Carlson, and Pierrehumbert (2013) describe an imitation experiment in which American English speakers learning the allophones of /t/ and /r/ of a Glaswegian English speaker generalize the target patterns to other words. They retain the ability to generalize the patterns one week later, when their knowledge of the Glaswegian dialect is re-activated by hearing speech recordings that do not contain any examples of the target patterns.…”

Section: Social-indexical Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered associations of English morphology

Needle

Pierrehumbert

2018

Laboratory Phonology: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Phonology

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Morphological systems arise from language experience encoded in the lexicon, which includes much statistical and episodic information (see Pierrehumbert, 2006;Rácz, Pierrehumbert, Hay, & Papp, 2015). Lexical statistics have been successfully applied in theories of morphological learning and change (Bybee, 1995), but there remains much unexplained variation in speakers' morphological choices and patterns of generalization. A promising route for explanation is the role of social-indexical information in shaping morphological systems. We present a quantitative experimental study on the relationship of morphological perception to speaker gender, a highly salient aspect of the linguistic context that is known to be important in language variation and change. We show that people have significant success in associating English words with speaker gender, and that their implicit knowledge generalizes to gender associations of novel words (pseudowords) on the basis of their component morphemes. By analyzing judgments of morphological decomposition in conjunction with these indexical judgments, we also make inferences about the cognitive architecture for social-indexical effects in morphology.

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Section: Social-indexical Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered associations of English morphology

Needle

Pierrehumbert

2018

Laboratory Phonology: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Phonology

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“…To model the interaction of spoken word recognition and expectations derived from, in this case, visually presented social cues, it is necessary to integrate a neo-generative model of speech perception (Pierrehumbert, 2002;German et al, 2013) with an attention-weighting mechanism (Johnson, 1997) and connect this to a model of person construal (Freeman and Ambady, 2011). Under such a model, abstract phonological generalizations or categories are connected with multidimensional phonetic distributions (Pierrehumbert, 2002).…”

Section: Listeners Show a Drop In Intelligibility For Chinesementioning

confidence: 99%

Expectations and speech intelligibility

Babel

Russell

2015

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

107

129

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Socio-indexical cues and paralinguistic information are often beneficial to speech processing as this information assists listeners in parsing the speech stream. Associations that particular populations speak in a certain speech style can, however, make it such that socio-indexical cues have a cost. In this study, native speakers of Canadian English who identify as Chinese Canadian and White Canadian read sentences that were presented to listeners in noise. Half of the sentences were presented with a visual-prime in the form of a photo of the speaker and half were presented in control trials with fixation crosses. Sentences produced by Chinese Canadians showed an intelligibility cost in the face-prime condition, whereas sentences produced by White Canadians did not. In an accentedness rating task, listeners rated White Canadians as less accented in the face-prime trials, but Chinese Canadians showed no such change in perceived accentedness. These results suggest a misalignment between an expected and an observed speech signal for the face-prime trials, which indicates that social information about a speaker can trigger linguistic associations that come with processing benefits and costs.

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“…Sub‐phonemic abstraction is compatible with the idea that non‐contrastive phonetic variants can form part of the lexicon (Kiparsky, , ) and with recent studies from perceptual learning showing that listeners adapt to units that are more fine‐grained than the phoneme (Reinisch & Mitterer, ; Reinisch, Wozny, Mitterer, & Holt, ). There is also other evidence for sub‐phonemic processing from second language (Polka, ) and new dialect learning (German, Carlson, & Pierrehumbert, ). Splitting and merging were also agent‐specific in the IP‐model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Linking Cognitive and Social Aspects of Sound Change Using Agent‐Based Modeling

Harrington¹,

Kleber²,

Reubold³

et al. 2018

Topics in Cognitive Science

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The paper defines the core components of an interactive-phonetic (IP) sound change model. The starting point for the IP-model is that a phonological category is often skewed phonetically in a certain direction by the production and perception of speech. A prediction of the model is that sound change is likely to come about as a result of perceiving phonetic variants in the direction of the skew and at the probabilistic edge of the listener's phonological category. The results of agent-based computational simulations applied to the sound change in progress, /u/-fronting in Standard Southern British, were consistent with this hypothesis. The model was extended to sound changes involving splits and mergers by using the interaction between the agents to drive the phonological reclassification of perceived speech signals. The simulations showed no evidence of any acoustic change when this extended model was applied to Australian English data in which /s/ has been shown to retract due to coarticulation in /str/ clusters. Some agents nevertheless varied in their phonological categorizations during interaction between /str/ and /Str/: This vacillation may represent the potential for sound change to occur. The general conclusion is that many types of sound change are the outcome of how phonetic distributions are oriented with respect to each other, their association to phonological classes, and how these types of information vary between speakers that happen to interact with each other.

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Reassignment of consonant allophones in rapid dialect acquisition

Cited by 38 publications

References 61 publications

Gendered associations of English morphology

Gendered associations of English morphology

Expectations and speech intelligibility

Linking Cognitive and Social Aspects of Sound Change Using Agent‐Based Modeling

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