Recall of congruent information in the self-reference task

Bellezza, Francis S.

doi:10.3758/bf03330463

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…According to the self-consistency theory, individuals process social information in a self-consistent direction to protect themselves from disruptive changes in the organization of the self-concept. That is, social information that is congruent with one's self-concept may receive more attention and may be remembered better than incongruent information (Bellezza, 1992;Best, Stapleton, & Downey, 2005). Similarly, Swann, Stein-Seroussi, and Giesler (1992) suggested that individuals tend to verify their self-concepts by approaching situations that can provide feedback to fit their self-concept.…”

Section: Subordinate's Core Self-evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abusive Supervision and Employee Emotional Exhaustion

2009

Group & Organization Management

254

163

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The authors examined the relationship between subordinates' core self-evaluations and supervisors' abusive supervision. Furthermore, they examined whether subordinates' perceived coworker support and subordinates' susceptibility to emotional contagion moderated the relationship between supervisors' abusive supervision and subordinates' emotional exhaustion. They analyzed data from 290 subordinates who had immediate supervisors using hierarchal multiple regression. Results show that core self-evaluations were negatively related to abusive supervision, whereas abusive supervision was positively related to emotional exhaustion. Both perceived coworker support and susceptibility to emotional contagion moderated the relationship between abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion. It is surprising that the moderating effect of perceived coworker support showed an unexpected pattern such that a stronger relationship between abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion existed when coworker social support was high. The authors conclude with a discussion of these findings.

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Section: Subordinate's Core Self-evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abusive Supervision and Employee Emotional Exhaustion

2009

Group & Organization Management

254

163

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“…Indeed, one may need to reference one’s self knowledge in order to incorporate the thoughts, feelings, and sensory experiences that one might have when present at the imagined event. Numerous studies have demonstrated that processing information in reference to oneself is an exceptional strategy for enhancing memory (Bellezza, 1992; Klein, Loftus, & Burton, 1989; Maki & McCaul, 1985; Rogers, Kuiper, & Kirker, 1977). In fact, self-referential strategies have been found to enhance memory to a greater degree than other successful encoding strategies – a phenomenon often referred to as the “self-reference effect” (for a review, see Symons & Johnson, 1997) – and initial findings suggest that individuals with compromised memory functioning demonstrate benefits from self-referential processing as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-imagining enhances recognition memory in memory-impaired individuals with neurological damage.

Grilli¹,

Glisky²

2010

Neuropsychology

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Objective-The ability to imagine an elaborative event from a personal perspective relies on a number of cognitive processes that may potentially enhance subsequent memory for the event, including visual imagery, semantic elaboration, emotional processing, and self-referential processing. In an effort to find a novel strategy for enhancing memory in memory-impaired individuals with neurological damage, the present study investigated the mnemonic benefit of a method we refer to as "self-imagining" -or the imagining of an event from a realistic, personal perspective.Method-Fourteen individuals with neurologically-based memory deficits and fourteen healthy control participants intentionally encoded neutral and emotional sentences under three instructions: structural-baseline processing, semantic processing, and self-imagining.Results-Findings revealed a robust "self-imagination effect" as self-imagination enhanced recognition memory relative to deep semantic elaboration in both memory-impaired individuals, F (1, 13) = 32.11, p < .001, η 2 = .71, and healthy controls, F (1, 13) = 5.57, p < .05, η 2 = .30. In addition, results indicated that mnemonic benefits of self-imagination were not limited by severity of the memory disorder nor were they related to self-reported vividness of visual imagery, semantic processing, or emotional content of the materials.Conclusions-The findings suggest that the self-imagination effect may depend on unique mnemonic mechanisms possibly related to self-referential processing, and that imagining an event from a personal perspective makes that event particularly memorable even for those individuals with severe memory deficits. Self-imagining may thus provide an effective rehabilitation strategy for individuals with memory impairment. KeywordsImagination; Self; Memory disorders; Memory rehabilitation; Episodic memory Imagining an elaborative event from a personal perspective is a cognitive ability thought to involve numerous component processes. For example, if asked to imagine that you are at a college basketball game with a friend, you will presumably construct the spatial context of a basketball arena, place yourself somewhere in the context, and simulate watching the game with your friend. To do this, you will likely recruit cognitive processes such as visual (Rubin, Corresponding author: Matthew D. Grilli. Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd, P.O. Box 210068, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States. mdgrilli@email.arizona.edu. Telephone: (520) 621-5721. Fax: (520) 626-7628.. Publisher's Disclaimer: The following manuscript is the final accepted manuscript. It has not been subjected to the final copyediting, fact-checking, and proofreading required for formal publication. It is not the definitive, publisher-authenticated version. The American Psychological Association and its Council of Editors disclaim any responsibility or liabilities for errors or omissions of this manuscript version, any version derived from this manuscript by NIH, or other t...

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“…The form of distortion is often in its own image. That is, the self-system functions conservatively, often biasing the processing of selfrelevant information in a self-consistent direction (Bellezza, 1992). One functional aspect of this conservatism is its potential for guarding against disruptive changes in the organization of the self-concept, especially those precipitated by discrepant information (Epstein, 1973;Swann, 1987Swann, , 1990.…”

Section: Self-consistent Selectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical self-esteem and selectivity in the processing of social information.

Tafarodi¹

1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Paradoxical self-esteem is defined as contrasting levels of self-liking and self-competence. Consideration of the social and motivational implications of this uncommon form of self-esteem suggests that heightened selectivity in the processing of social information may be behind its persistence. Two experiments were conducted to confirm the prediction of heightened selectivity in paradoxicals. As expected, those paradoxically low in self-liking were more negatively biased in their memory for personality feedback (Study 1) and interpretation of valuatively ambiguous phrases (Study 2) than were their counterparts who shared the same low self-liking but were also low in self-competence. Symmetrical with this result, those paradoxically high in self-liking exhibited a heightened positive bias relative to those who were high in both self-liking and self-competence. The findings are discussed in relation to attitudes and motivation. And Richard Cory, one calm summer night, Went home and put a bullet through his head.

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Recall of congruent information in the self-reference task

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Abusive Supervision and Employee Emotional Exhaustion

Abusive Supervision and Employee Emotional Exhaustion

Self-imagining enhances recognition memory in memory-impaired individuals with neurological damage.

Paradoxical self-esteem and selectivity in the processing of social information.

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