“…While the probability distributions of small-scale narrowband signal envelope fading, for which closed-form expressions exist, have been extensively studied (see, for example, Young 1952, Nakagami 1960, Jakes & Reudink 1967, Clarke 1968, Suzuki 1977, comparatively few such studies are reported for wideband systems (Kozono 1994, Yamaguchi et al 1995, Yan & Kozono 1999, Oh et al 2001) and closed-form expressions for the CDF and PDF of the small-scale fading envelope are unavailable. Kozono (1994) and Yan & Kozono (1999) have proposed a wideband signal propagation model with which they investigated the small-scale fading of the received signal envelope of a mobile receiver. They verified their model with extensive measurements performed in the Tokyo region (Kozono 1994, Nakabayashi & Kozono 1998, Yan & Kozono 1999, Nakabayashi et al 2001 and observed that the fading depth is strongly dependent not only on the ratio of the direct to indirect power of the wideband signal but also on what they term the 'Equivalent Received Bandwidth'.…”