Recent advancements in enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials: Synthesis, mechanistic formation, and applications

Abstract

Over the past decade, nanotechnology has been developed and employed across various entities. Among the numerous nanostructured material types, enzymeincorporated nanomaterials have shown great potential in various fields, as an alternative to biologically derived as well as synthetically developed hybrid structures. The mechanism of incorporating enzyme onto a nanostructure depends on several factors including the method of immobilization, type of nanomaterial, as well as operational and environmental conditions. The prospects of enzymeincorporated nanomaterials have shown promising results across various applications, such as biocatalysts, biosensors, drug therapy, and wastewater treatment. This is due to their excellent ability to exhibit chemical and physical properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, recovery and/or reusability rates, sensitivity, response scale, and stable catalytic activity across wide operating conditions. In this review, the evolution of enzyme-incorporated nanomaterials along with their impact on our society due to its state-of-the-art properties, and its significance across different industrial applications are discussed. In addition, the weakness and future prospects of enzyme-incorporated nanomaterials were also discussed to guide scientists for futuristic research and development in this field.

Research progress in the detection of common foodborne hazardous substances based on functional nucleic acids biosensors

“…Among optical biosensors, metal‐enhanced fluorescence and Raman scattering (surface enhancement of Raman scattering [SERS]) are the most sensitive techniques. Meanwhile, metal NPs have the property of local surface plasmon resonance, which is a collectively generated optical phenomenon oscillation of electrons surrounded by a medium (Anboo et al, 2022; Zhang et al, 2022). It makes metal NPs play a major role in enhancing fluorescence and enhancing Raman scattering by surface enhancement (Yaraki & Tan, 2020).…”

Functionalized magnetic lipase/Cu3(PO4)2 hybrid nanoflower: Synthesis, characterization, and enzymatic evaluation

“…Over the past decade, enzyme immobilization technique has been incorporated into nanostructures to act as platforms to promote higher efficiency, and storage stability of enzymes which enhances their reusability value and ultimately becomes more economically efficient in comparison to free enzymes [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] ]. The attachment of enzymes onto a platform and/or support is known as the process of enzyme immobilization [ 6 ].…”

Synthesis of Enzyme-based Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoflower Particles

“…This is because, free enzymes often lose their activity easily, has a higher cost often with a low reusability value [1][2][3][4]. Enzyme immobilization is the process of attaching enzymes onto a support to completely immobilize the attached enzyme [5,6]. It is often accomplished by 4 methods, covalent bonding, adsorption, entrapment and/or cross-linking [7].…”