Recent Advancements in IoT Implementation for Environmental, Safety, and Production Monitoring in Underground Mines

Zhang, Huili; Li, Binghao; Karimi, Mahmoud; Saydam, Serkan; Hassan, Mahbub

doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3267828

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 126 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With the prevalence of mine IoT, a wide range of sensors have been deployed in mine sites for environmental monitoring and production management [58]. However, as the number of sensors at mine sites continues to rise dramatically, the use of cable-based sensors becomes impractical due to the complexity and high cost of cable deployment and maintenance [59].…”

Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigation of an auxetic piezoelectric energy harvester with frequency self-tuning capability

Zhang,

Chen,

Karimi

et al. 2024

Smart Mater. Struct.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To deal with the limited availability of long-lasting power sources for sensor nodes in industrial environments, a novel piezoelectric energy harvester with high efficiency and a wide working bandwidth was designed to harvest broadband and random vibrations from the ambient environment. The developed energy harvester adopts a doubly clamped piezoelectric beam with a peanut-shaped auxetic structure to improve the power output. It also incorporates a sliding proof mass for frequency self-tuning, enabling a wider working bandwidth. As the doubly clamped beam exhibits geometry nonlinearity under large vibration amplitudes, the power output of the energy harvester can be further enhanced in the frequency self-tuning process. Finite element simulations are conducted to evaluate the impact of the auxetic structure and the position of the proof mass on the performance of the energy harvester. Experiments are performed to examine the energy harvesting performance of the proposed energy harvester. Under an excitation acceleration of 0.3 g, the use of the sliding proof mass widens the working bandwidth of the auxetic energy harvester (AEH) by 9 Hz, with the maximum RMS output power of AEH reaching 18.78 μW, which is much higher than that of the plain energy harvester (PEH) or the AEH with a fixed proof mass. The developed energy harvester can successfully power a wireless temperature and humidity sensor node based on the vibration produced by a centrifuge, which demonstrates the practical feasibility of the proposed energy harvester for industrial applications.

show abstract

Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigation of an auxetic piezoelectric energy harvester with frequency self-tuning capability

Zhang,

Chen,

Karimi

et al. 2024

Smart Mater. Struct.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Emerging radio frequency communication technologies like LoRa, LoRaWAN [9], [10], [11], and 5G technology are present cost-effective solutions for achieving seamless real-time communication in these underground mine environments [12]. The lack of standardized processes and data transmission from the underground mine to the surface at a height of 23 m is recorded [15] Portable sensors connected to the system Bluetooth CO, H2S, Temperature and Humidity…”

Section: Applications Of Environmental Parameters Monitoring System I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

RTEPMS: Real-Time Environmental Parameters Monitoring System Using IoT-Based LoRa 868-MHz Wireless Communication Technology in Underground Mines

Naik,

Reddy,

Raj

2024

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In underground mining, the real-time monitoring of environmental parameters plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safety of mining operations and personnel. This article explores the integration of Long Range (LoRa) wireless communication technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) to bolster safety measures and prevent potential accidents within underground mines. The environmental parameters in underground mines include Oxygen (O2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Methane (CH4), Nitric Oxide (NO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), Ethylene Oxide (EO), Temperature and Humidity. Currently, underground mines in India use portable multi-gas detector devices to measure environmental parameters. HPD13A LoRa 868 MHz based Real Time Environmental Parameters Monitoring System (RTEPMS) is designed and developed to facilitate real-time data collection in underground mines. In addition, the developed RTEPMS system is tested and evaluated at the open surface level and in one of the underground mines in India. The experimental results represent successful LoRa-based wireless communication established in an underground mine with data acquisition and real-time processing. Major parameters exceeding threshold limits in the underground mine environment include O2, CO, CO2, NO2, and EO. The data correlation between LoRa-based RTEPMS and multi-gas detector devices is 69.47% for CO2 and 72.38% for CO, while the values for CH4 and H2S are nearly zero, indicating their presence in underground mines is almost negligible. The RTEPMS is an affordable solution for smaller and less affluent underground mines. It alerts mine workers if environmental parameters exceed threshold limits during emergencies.

show abstract

“…The loss increases at higher frequencies, which is why 433 MHz-based devices have been used for experiments within the proposed study for low data rates and high-range applications. The prior studies contain propagation measurements at the 433 MHz band conducted in various environments, such as underground to underground and underground to above-ground communication, but not in underground mine environments [1,2,4,5,12]. Prior research does not contain radio models for different cross-sections of underground mines and tunnels in different structural layouts [18,19].…”

Section: Proposed Radio Link Model For Underground Minesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the penetration rate of the material of ith obstacle, β(i), can also influence the amount of signal loss, which has a range from 0 to 1. The first obstacle encountered by the signal produces the most significant power loss, whereas subsequent obstacles produce less attenuation [2][3][4]. For multi-mode propagation zones, the path loss is calculated as follows:…”

Section: Free Space Dividing Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For underground mines, the spatial structure is more complex than the above-ground scenario, which makes the phenomena of multi-path and propagation loss more prevalent [2,3]. An extensive literature review revealed the lack of a linear relationship between radio wave attenuation and node placement in mines due to reflection from the walls and diffraction produced by lossy minerals [4][5][6]. In [7], a theoretical model was proposed to describe radio wave propagation in straight rectangular tunnels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Radio Link Model for Node Deployment in Underground Mine Sensor Networks

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an experimental characterization of the proposed radio link model for an underground mine sensor network. Power efficiency and range are critical factors to consider when designing a wireless sensor network, particularly for low data rate applications where the goal is to have a long-lasting, low-maintenance network. A ‘deploy and forget’ strategy is desirable because it allows the network to operate autonomously without requiring frequent maintenance or intervention from network operators. DASH7 and IEEE 802.15.4f are both excellent choices for low-power, long-range wireless sensor networking applications. The proposed radio link model was developed and evaluated for 433 MHz DASH7 in underground mines, considering the practical electromagnetic properties of mine walls and the propagation medium, which helps in calculating accurate signal characteristics. Radio wave propagation is a critical factor that needs to be considered when designing a wireless sensor network for complex mine structures. The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and packet error rate (PER) are two key parameters that are used to measure wave propagation and assess the quality of the radio link between sensor nodes. The radio link design has been optimized for complex mine structures by utilizing these parameters in a model, leading to improved performance and reliability. The measurements were carried out in the world’s second largest salt mine at Khewra, Pakistan, with representative irregular mine structures. The RSSI and PER were measured at different node positions and with variable separation between the nodes. The proposed model allows for the easy placement of nodes on either the rooftop or near the side walls of the mine corridors, with an average variation of 6% in RSSI and 1.9% in PER. The proposed model was validated using off-the-shelf wizzi sensor nodes received from Wizzi Lab, France, and was programmed to measure RSSI and PER while operating under the 433 MHz DASH7 protocol. An agreement between modeled and measured parameters has been noted, making the proposed model a decent method for efficient node deployment in underground mine sensor networks.

show abstract

Recent Advancements in IoT Implementation for Environmental, Safety, and Production Monitoring in Underground Mines

Cited by 24 publications

References 126 publications

Numerical and experimental investigation of an auxetic piezoelectric energy harvester with frequency self-tuning capability

Numerical and experimental investigation of an auxetic piezoelectric energy harvester with frequency self-tuning capability

RTEPMS: Real-Time Environmental Parameters Monitoring System Using IoT-Based LoRa 868-MHz Wireless Communication Technology in Underground Mines

Radio Link Model for Node Deployment in Underground Mine Sensor Networks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About