Recent advances and perspectives in conductive-polymer-based composites as cathode materials for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Abstract

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies because of their high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh kg−1). However, the low electrical conductivity of...

Organic Electrode Materials for Dual‐Ion Batteries

“…In addition, the working voltage of organic electrode materials can be changed by adding, removing or replacing functional groups. The introduction of electron absorption groups in organic molecules can reduce the LUMO energy level and improve the redox potential of organic electrodes [83] . For example, by introducing electron withdrawing group (−SO 3 H) into polyaniline molecular chain, the redox potential can be increased by more than 300 mV [73] .…”

“…The introduction of electron absorption groups in organic molecules can reduce the LUMO energy level and improve the redox potential of organic electrodes. [83] For example, by introducing electron withdrawing group (À SO 3 H) into polyaniline molecular chain, the redox potential can be increased by more than 300 mV. [73] By combining organic materials with carbon materials, the dissolution of small organic molecules in the electrolyte can be significantly alleviated, thus prolonging the cycle life of organic electrodes.…”

Enhancing the Cycle Performance of Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries by Coating the Separator with a Cation‐Selective Polymer Layer

“…Over the previous twenty years, multitudes of battery researchers have been working to find a solution to this issue. The innovative studies can be categorized as follows: 1) constraining the mobility of polysulfides by various functional adsorbents (carbonaceous material, [6] metal compounds, [7] or conductive polymers [8] ); 2) exploring alternative binders to anchor sulfur species; [9] 3) optimizing the electrolyte to mitigate the side reaction when polysulfides contact the lithium anode [10] . Additionally, there is an efficient technique that involves adding a functional interlayer in the middle of the sulfur electrode and the separator [11–14] .…”

Rational engineering yolk–shell In2S3@void@carbon hybrid as polysulfide-absorbable sulfur host for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Therefore, developing a functional host material to achieve a kinetically improved cathode is highly required. [19][20][21] Owing to the inherent low conductivity and drastic volume changes of sulfur cathodes, the introduction of the yolk-shell structure with redundant space in the sulfur cathode has become a reasonable engineering strategy. Li's group developed a distinctive yolk-shell structure with N-doped carbon shells and polysulfide-absorbable Mn 3 O 4 cores (YS-Mn 3 O 4 @NC) as host for the sulfur cathode, providing a capacity of 509 mA h g −1 at 2 C and only 6% capacity degradation after 300 cycles at 0.5 C. 22 Liu and co-workers reported a two-prong nanoreactor with a conductive carbon-shell and an adsorptive NiO-core (NiO@HCS) as cathode for Li-S battery, which delivered a high discharge capacity of 1210.4 mA h g −1 at 0.2 C and cyclability for 300 cycles at 1 C with low capacity decay.…”

“…11–18 Therefore, developing a functional host material to achieve a kinetically improved cathode is highly required. 19–21…”