Recent Advances and Promise of MXene‐Based Nanostructures for High‐Performance Metal Ion Batteries

Abstract

MXenes, a large family of 2D transition metal carbides or carbonitrides, possessing exceptional conductivity in the crystal core and ample functional groups (e.g., OH, F, O) on their surface, low energy barriers for metal ion diffusion, and large interlayer spaces for ion intercalation, are opening up various intriguing opportunities to construct advanced MXene-based nanostructures for different-type metal ion batteries (MIBs) with remarkable energy density and power density. Herein, this work summarizes the recent advances in MXene-based nanostructures for high-performance MIBs from lithium ion batteries to non-lithium (Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ca 2+) ion batteries, in which the unique roles of MXenes as active materials, conductive substrates, and even current collectors are highlighted. Furthermore, the loaded model, encapsulated model, and sandwiched model are clarified in detail for MXene-based hybrids with different dimensional (0D, 1D, and 2D) active materials, and each structural model is well exampled for different MIBs with special emphasis of synergistic effects and strong interaction interfaces between MXene and active materials. Finally, the existing challenges and perspectives of MXenebased nanostructures are briefly discussed for MIBs.

A Review of the Effects of Electrode Fabrication and Assembly Processes on the Structure and Electrochemical Performance of 2D MXenes

“…The impacts of structure and morphology on the electrochemical properties of electrodes have been the subject of much research in the energy storage field. [84][85][86][87][88][89] When the electrode material is a 2D material, the morphology of the electrode can significantly affect its electronic and ionic conductivities. In the case of solution-processed 2D materials such as rGO and MXene, the 2D flakes tend to restack to form multilayers during various stages of materials synthesis and electrode fabrication process.…”

Nickel@Nickel Oxide Dendritic Architectures with Boosted Electrochemical Reactivity for Aqueous Nickel–Zinc Batteries

“…To keep pace with the blooming development of electric vehicles and portable mobile devices, it is urgent to explore efficient energy storage devices that are in high energy density, good reliability, low cost and light weight. [1][2][3][4] Over the last decades, lithium ion batteries, having received extensive concern and research due to their high energy density, have gained rapid progress and widespread application. [5][6][7][8] However, some obstacles, such as the relatively high cost of lithium, low power density, and the flammability of organic electrolytes, have severely hindered the further usage of lithium ion batteries.…”

Boosting Transport Kinetics of Ions and Electrons Simultaneously by Ti3C2Tx (MXene) Addition for Enhanced Electrochromic Performance

“…The emergence of a new two-dimensional material, transition metal carbide or nitride (MXene) represented by Ti 3 C 2 T x (T=F, OH, etc.,), provides an opportunity to solve the longstanding problem in electrochromic technology. Since being first reported in 2011, MXene has made many important breakthroughs in the fields of batteries, supercapacitors, and catalysis [38][39][40][41][42]. This material has a metal-like electronic conductivity which can be used as transparent conductor in electronic and sensor applications 1 3 [43].…”